PCOS Ultrasound: What to Expect During the Procedure

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a common hormonal disorder that affects many women worldwide. One of the diagnostic tools used to identify PCOS is a PCOS ultrasound. This non-invasive procedure allows doctors to visualize the ovaries and assess any abnormalities. If you're scheduled for an ultrasound, it's natural to have questions and concerns about what to expect during the procedure.

Who needs a PCOS ultrasound scan?

A PCOS ultrasound scan is typically recommended for women who exhibit symptoms of PCOS or have irregular menstrual cycles. Symptoms of PCOS may include irregular periods, excessive hair growth, acne, and difficulty getting pregnant.

If you're experiencing any of these symptoms or suspect you may have PCOS, your doctor may suggest an ultrasound to evaluate the condition of your ovaries and confirm the diagnosis.

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PCOS ultrasound vs normal ultrasound

While a normal ultrasound and a PCOS ultrasound may seem similar, there are some key differences between the two procedures.

A normal ultrasound is typically performed to examine various organs in the body, such as the liver, kidneys, or bladder. On the other hand, a PCOS ultrasound scan specifically focuses on the ovaries to identify any abnormalities or cysts.

During a PCOS ultrasound, the technician will carefully examine the size, shape, and appearance of the ovaries, as well as the presence of any cysts or follicles. This specialized ultrasound allows doctors to evaluate the condition of the ovaries and determine if PCOS is present.

The doctor may conduct a transvaginal ultrasound to diagnose PCOS. During a transvaginal ultrasound, a probe is inserted into the vagina to obtain detailed images of the ovaries and uterus. This procedure helps in visualizing the size and appearance of the ovaries, the presence of cysts, and the thickness of the endometrium.

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Is it necessary to do PCOS ultrasound during period?

It is not necessary to schedule a PCOS ultrasound during your period. In fact, it is often recommended to have the scan done a few days after your period has ended. This is because the menstrual cycle can affect the appearance of the ovaries, and performing the ultrasound during your period may make it more difficult to obtain accurate results.

Additionally, scheduling the ultrasound a few days after your period allows the technician to assess the ovaries when they are less likely to be affected by hormonal fluctuations. It's important to follow your doctor's instructions regarding when to schedule the ultrasound to ensure the most accurate results.

What is the best time to do ultrasound for PCOS?

The best time to schedule an ultrasound for PCOS is typically between days 5 and 10 of your menstrual cycle. This is when the ovaries are less likely to be affected by hormonal fluctuations and provide a clearer image for evaluation. However, it's important to consult with your doctor to determine the most appropriate timing for your specific situation.

They will take into account factors such as the regularity of your menstrual cycle and any additional symptoms you may be experiencing. By scheduling the ultrasound at the optimal time, you increase the chances of obtaining accurate results and a more comprehensive evaluation of your ovaries.

What to expect during a PCOS ultrasound?

Here’s what you can expect during the procedure:

• During the ultrasound, you will be asked to change into a hospital gown and lie down on an examination table.

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• The technician will apply a gel to your abdomen and use a handheld device called a transducer to capture images of your ovaries.

• The transducer emits sound waves that bounce off the structures in your body and create images on a screen.

• The technician will move the transducer gently over your abdomen to obtain different views of the ovaries.

• You may experience slight pressure or discomfort during the procedure, but it is generally well-tolerated.

• The entire process usually takes around 30 minutes, after which you can resume your normal activities.

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How to interpret a PCOS ultrasound report?

Interpreting a PCOS ultrasound report requires knowledge of the normal appearance of the ovaries and understanding the specific criteria used to diagnose PCOS. The report will typically include measurements of the ovaries, the number and size of any cysts or follicles, and the appearance of the ovarian tissue.

The presence of multiple small cysts and an increased ovarian volume are often indicative of PCOS. Your doctor will review the report, compare the findings to the diagnostic criteria, and provide you with an explanation of the results. It's important to consult with your doctor to fully understand the implications of the ultrasound report and discuss any necessary follow-up steps.

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Tips to prepare for a PCOS ultrasound scan

Preparing for a PCOS ultrasound scan can help ensure a smooth and successful procedure. Here are five tips to help you prepare:

1. Follow your doctor's instructions

Your doctor will provide specific instructions on how to prepare for the ultrasound. It may include fasting for a certain period or drinking water before the scan. It's important to follow these instructions carefully to obtain accurate results.

2. Wear comfortable clothing

Choose loose-fitting and comfortable clothing to wear on the day of the scan. This will make it easier for the technician to access your abdomen during the procedure.

3. Stay hydrated

Drinking an adequate amount of water before the scan can help improve the clarity of the images obtained during the ultrasound.

4. Bring a support person

If you feel anxious or nervous about the procedure, consider bringing a support person with you. They can provide emotional support and help alleviate any concerns.

5. Ask questions

If you have any doubts or concerns about the procedure, don't hesitate to ask your doctor or the technician. They are there to ensure your comfort and address any questions you may have.

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FAQs

1. Is PCOS obvious on ultrasound?

PCOS may not always be obvious on ultrasound. While the presence of multiple small cysts and an increased ovarian volume are common indicators of PCOS, other diagnostic criteria must also be considered. These include irregular menstrual cycles, elevated levels of androgens (male hormones), and clinical symptoms such as acne or excessive hair growth.

2. How is PCOS confirmed?

PCOS is typically confirmed through a combination of medical history, physical examination, blood tests, and imaging studies such as a PCOS ultrasound scan. Your doctor will evaluate your symptoms, perform necessary tests, and consider all the findings to arrive at a definitive diagnosis.

The Bottomline

A PCOS ultrasound is a valuable diagnostic tool in assessing the condition of the ovaries and confirming the presence of PCOS. Remember to consult with your doctor for personalized guidance and to address any concerns you may have.

References

1. Bachanek M, Abdalla N, Cendrowski K, Sawicki W. (2015). Value of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome - literature review. J Ultrason.

2. Giménez-Peralta I, Lilue M, Mendoza N, Tesarik J, Mazheika M. (2022). Application of a new ultrasound criterion for the diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne).