Yes! Pregnancy can indeed turn out to be a memorable as well as the most beautiful part of your life...

The Scans required at the end of Second Trimester of your pregnancy 

Scan & Tests can confirm your pregnancy and also monitor your baby’s development in the womb

Scans&Tests

This is a safe space to ask questions and share insights on everything from prenatal care and morning sickness to labor and delivery.

pregnant

Time period extending from the 13th to the 27th week of gestation

SecondTrimester

Pregnancy journey, also known as gestation, is the time during which one or more offspring develops inside a woman

PregnancyJourney

When a woman is carrying more than one baby

Twins&Triplets

A balanced diet will also reduce the risks of anemia, as well as other unpleasant pregnancy symptoms such as fatigue and morning sickness.

HealthTips

Major complications that you may face during your pregnancy and after delivery.

ComplicationsInPregnancy

An elevated level of glucose in the blood during pregnancy

Gestationaldiabetes

Placental margin located 2 cm or less from the internal os of the cervix

LowLyingPlacenta

No sweets for two! A gentle reminder to all to-be mothers that you may have high blood sugar levels ...

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Mylo Rocket

<>Priyanka | Mylo Editor

When a pregnant woman has too little amniotic fluid then this condition is termed Oligohydramnios. A...

A birth that takes place before the 37th week of pregnancy

PrematureDelivery

Babies born before the start of 37th week of pregnancy

PrematureBabies

Childbirth, also known as labour and delivery, is the ending of a pregnancy by one or more babies leaving a woman's uterus by vaginal passage or Caesarean section

Labour&Delivery

Natural death of an embryo or fetus before it is able to survive independently.

Miscarriage

Here's a complete guide on Oligohydramnios (low amniotic fluid during pregnancy) - Causes, symptoms, signs, and treatment.   

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Quick tips to maintain sugar levels in pregnancy

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Kusum Sabharwal

Removal of an embryo or fetus from the uterus in order to end a pregnancy.

Abortion

Conception

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What Causes Varicose Veins?Your legs are more likely to show signs of varicose veins. They are usu...

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Superficial veins that have become enlarged and twisted

VaricoseVeins

Swollen legs are common in pregnancy and are caused by additional blood and fluid

SwollenLegs

The importance of various types of exercises during your pregnancy that will help you stay fit and deliver a healhy baby

Exercise&Fitness

WeightGain

The pressure of circulating blood on the walls of blood vessels

BloodPressure

The various transformations that a woman's body undergoes during pregnancy

BodyChanges

 
Infertility refers to the inability to conceive a child after regular unprotected sexual interco...

Dr. Vani Puri

Reproductive health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being in all matters relating to the reproductive system

Reproductivehealth

A male/man's inability to cause pregnancy in a fertile female

MaleInfertility

A chemical substance produced in the body that controls and regulates the activity of certain cells or organs.

Hormones

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A phobia or intense fear experienced by a person due to an object or an experience

Fears&Phobias

fatherRole

Developmental disorders comprise a group of psychiatric conditions originating in childhood that involve serious impairment in different areas

DevelopmentDisorders

A person's sexual activity and relationships considered as a whole

SexLife

Sudden rise in blood pressure & swelling, mostly in the face, hands, & feet, along with high levels of protein in the urine that indicate kidney damage (proteinuria), or other signs of organ damage.

Preeclampsia

Growth is the progressive increase in the size of a child or parts of a child. Development is progressive acquisition of various skills such as head support, speaking, learning, expressing the feelings etc

Growth&Development

The significance of practicing romance in your relationship that will add sparkle to your love life, prolong feelings of connectedness and build a healthy relationship

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BabyMoon

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Nose bleeding during pregnancy 
Don&rsquo;t get terrified while spotting blood after a nose blow. ...

A disease or period of sickness affecting the body or mind.
Infectious diseases are caused by microscopic germs 

Illnesses&Infections

Taking care of the safety and wellbeing of yourself and your baby

Safety&Care

Nose bleeding during pregnancy

Yes! Pregnancy can indeed turn out to be a memorable as well as the most beautiful part of your life. Before you start preparing yourself for a new beginning, it may be vital to make a few changes in your lifestyle and daily routines. You may have to change numerous things for the healthy development of your baby. However, to make such changes, one will need to analyze the condition of their body and undergo a few pregnancy tests and scans. 

<h2>Why Must A Pregnant Woman Undergo Scans And Tests? </h2>

During pregnancy, every woman&rsquo;s body functions in a different manner. Therefore, to track the constant changes happening in a pregnant woman&rsquo;s body, she may have to undergo a few pregnancy tests. These tests help to ensure the baby&rsquo;s good health. Apart from that, these pregnancy tests also help to detect the presence of any underlying health problems. Therefore, it thus becomes essential for you to undergo pregnancy tests and scans. 

Although most of the tests may be optional, it is a recommendation that you do not skip any of them. As you move forward in the beautiful journey of your pregnancy, your doctor will recommend several scans and tests for the well-being of you and the baby. Towards the end of the second trimester, you must not miss some crucial tests. Let&#39;s learn more about them: 

<h3>Anomaly Scan </h3>

An anomaly scan helps have a close look at your cervix, uterus, and baby. It helps to observe the baby&rsquo;s growth and development and detect any congenital disabilities or structural problems. Usually, this test takes place when you are 20 weeks pregnant. It is also known as a Morphology scan, and the sonographer can check the position of the placenta besides looking at the baby&#39;s movements. 

The doctor will advise you to drink lots of water and avoid passing urine before the scan. The doctor will allow you to enjoy the view on the screen and will later hand over the video recording on a CD also. Seeing your baby on screen is a treat for the eyes. 

<h3>Other Monitoring Tests </h3>

You will undergo blood tests, urine tests, fetal anomaly scan, sugar tests, blood pressure levels, and other ultrasound scans several times during your pregnancy. Don&#39;t get anxious because all these tests are for your safety and the unborn child&#39;s well-being. The doctors monitor and track the growth and development of the baby, and if there is something fishy, they inform the parents and counsel them for treatment or termination of the pregnancy if required. 

<h3>Body Check-up Test </h3>

Besides regular check-ups at your gynecologist&#39;s clinic, the doctor will examine and check your belly size, the heartbeat of the baby, protein levels, urine glucose levels, weight, edema (swelling on your hands and feet if any), levels of amniotic fluid, and the bones of the baby, etc. 

The doctor will check the structure and shape of your baby&rsquo;s head (HC), neck, cleft lip, baby&rsquo;s spine, baby&rsquo;s abdominal wall (AC), thigh bone, baby&rsquo;s heart, baby&rsquo;s kidneys, feet, legs, arms, and hands. It is imperative to monitor the position of the baby in the womb. 

<h2>What Your Doctor May Suggest After You Undergo Pregnancy Tests </h2>

Your doctor will ask you several questions about the medical history of your family, any medications, or supplements that you are taking, fetal movements, sleep patterns, your diet, workout routine during pregnancy, symptoms of preeclampsia, and preterm labor, if any. You must immediately seek medical help if you experience these symptoms during pregnancy: 

<h3>Vaginal Bleeding </h3>

If you experience any vaginal bleeding during your late pregnancy months, it may be a life-threatening case. Such a condition is termed Abruptio placentae. Although such a condition may happen at any time, it is usually quite common during the months of your third trimester. Make sure to undergo a 20 week scan immediately if you experience this symptom. 

<h3>Abdominal Pain </h3>

Abdominal pain may be due to gas, false labor, or even due to constipation. Although these conditions may cause a bit of discomfort, they should not cause too much pain. However, if you experience severe pain, it may be due to a urinary tract infection or other underlying problem. Consult your doctor as soon as possible if you experience severe pain during your late pregnancy months. 

<h3>Fever Or Shivering </h3>

Experiencing fever or shivering during pregnancy may be caused due to the constant changes happening in your body. However, if you have a temperature of more than 100&deg;F, you must immediately seek medical help. Fever during these stages may indicate an issue with your baby&rsquo;s health. In fact, if unusual symptoms accompany your fever, then it is high time you got a check-up done! 

<h3>Nausea </h3>

You may feel nauseous or sick two days or one day before your labor pain begins. However, others may experience this condition during active labor. Thus, this is because the digestion flow halts during labor. If a mother has just eaten and is already feeling full during the beginning of labor, she may feel nauseous. However, extreme nausea may also indicate other underlying problems. Make sure to get in touch with your doctor before the situation worsens! 

<h3>Blurring Of Vision </h3>

Experiencing a blurry vision can turn out to be quite common during pregnancy. Although this is not a sign of miscarriage, an unexpected or a sudden change in your vision, primarily during pregnancy, can signify a grave issue. A few of the problems include gestational diabetes. Apart from that, the risk of experiencing a condition known as preeclampsia may also be increased. Therefore, consider seeking an appointment if you observe such sudden changes. 

<h3>Burning Sensation And Pain During Urination </h3>

This condition may indicate the presence of a urinary tract infection. The constant discomfort and pain may range from mild to severe. Therefore, it is recommended that you visit your doctor and get the condition treated as soon as possible. 

<h3>Fluid Discharge From The Vagina </h3>

A fluid discharge is usually normal, and it may seem to get a bit heavier as your pregnancy phase slowly progresses. In fact, a heavy discharge during your third trimester could mean early labor. Therefore, it is usually best to seek medical help before your labor pain worsens. 

<h3>Extreme Swelling Or Pain In Any Part Of The Body </h3>

As your delivery date comes nearer, you may experience swelling in your ankles or legs. In fact, a few of your body parts may appear puffy or swollen. Such a condition is termed edema. You may also experience swelling on your face or hands. However, if you experience any sort of pain in the swollen regions, it could indicate a grave health condition. If the swelling or pain does not seem to go away, get it checked immediately. 

<h3>Continuous Headache </h3>

Usually, a pregnant woman may experience headaches due to stress or poor posture. Since you will be carrying additional weight on your tummy, your posture may change. However, more prolonged and severe headaches may indicate the presence of preeclampsia, a condition that can raise your blood pressure to extreme levels, especially during pregnancy. 

<h2>Conclusion </h2>

Undergoing a list of scans during pregnancy during a stage where your body may be vulnerable to numerous health problems can help you prevent many life-threatening conditions. Early treatment can ensure the healthy delivery of your baby. Besides, it may also help you avoid any issues post-partum. 

It is usual for you to be anxious during the tests or scans. However, this is undertaken only for the healthy development of your baby. Your doctor may suggest a few supplements or medicines that can help you keep your health in check. It is advised that you go for a check-up once every four to six weeks!

<h3>Meta Description </h3>

You may have to take pregnancy tests and scans to ensure the good health of your baby. Continue reading to know more about the pregnancy tests you can take!

No sweets for two! A gentle reminder to all to-be mothers that you may have high blood sugar levels during pregnancy. Read on to know how!

<h2>Overview</h2>

Gestational (during pregnancy) diabetes mellitus (high blood sugar levels) is a hormonal disorder causing insulin resistance and high blood sugar levels during pregnancy. It is more often seen in:

<ul>
	<li>
	Pregnant women above 25 years of age
	</li>
	<li>
	Previous history of &gt;4.5kg baby birth
	</li>
	<li>
	Pre-pregnancy incidence of high blood sugar levels
	</li>
	<li>
	Lack of physical exercise
	</li>
	<li>
	Overweight or obesity
	</li>
	<li>
	Polycystic ovarian disease
	</li>
	<li>
	Asian and American races
	</li>
</ul>

The foetus may or may not get affected by gestational diabetes as it has its own insulin to counteract excess sugar from the mother&#39;s blood. During delivery, some babies may continue to produce more insulin and return to normal levels a few hours or days later. However, some may need to be administered glucose to balance the insulin levels. Treatment is targeted towards managing blood sugar levels and regular monitoring until 1-2 years post delivery.

<h2>Gestational Diabetes Symptoms</h2>

Gestational diabetes during pregnancy does not show any major symptoms. However, it may manifest itself in the following ways:

<ul>
	<li>Increased thirst and dehydration</li>
	<li>Increased frequency of urination, especially at night</li>
	<li>Some pregnant women may feel hungrier than usual.</li>
</ul>

If you experience any such symptoms during your pregnancy, inform your gynaecologist or physician immediately.

<h2>Gestational Diabetes Diagnosis</h2>

<ul>
	<li>All pregnant women, especially those at risk of gestational diabetes, must undergo a primary check-up in the first trimester of pregnancy to rule out high blood sugar levels as a precautionary measure. You may never be aware of it unless symptoms develop later on or during routine pregnancy tests and scans.</li>
	<li>Diagnosis may also be made when a pregnant woman shows signs and symptoms of gestational diabetes mellitus. A blood sample is collected to determine blood sugar levels.</li>
	<li>The growth of the baby is monitored through ultrasonography.</li>
	<li>A glucose tolerance test or gestational diabetes test may also be conducted to analyse how your body reacts to a sudden sugar rush within a time frame. Here, you will be given a glucose-rich sweet drink and a blood test will be done an hour later to determine how much sugar is left in the blood. It will also help your doctor know if insulin is present in appropriate amounts in your body.</li>
</ul>

<h2>Gestational Diabetes Sugar Levels Chart</h2>

<table border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" style="width:500px">
	<tbody>
		<tr>
			<td style="text-align:center">Sr. No</td>
			<td style="text-align:center">Scenario</td>
			<td style="text-align:center">Values in mg/dL</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td style="text-align:center">1.</td>
			<td style="text-align:center">Before a meal</td>
			<td style="text-align:center">95 or less</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td style="text-align:center">2.</td>
			<td style="text-align:center">1 hour after a meal</td>
			<td style="text-align:center">140 or less</td>
		</tr>
		<tr>
			<td style="text-align:center">3.</td>
			<td style="text-align:center">2 hours after a meal</td>
			<td style="text-align:center">120 or less</td>
		</tr>
	</tbody>
</table>

<h2>Gestational Diabetes Treatment</h2>

Treatment is aimed at controlling blood sugar levels along with blood pressure with safe medications and insulin shots as needed. You will have to undergo regular check ups during pregnancy as well as after delivery. The baby may be administered glucose at birth if found to be in distress.

Other important things to consider:

<ul>
	<li>Regular exercise to promote insulin sensitivity and reduce the accumulation of fats due to excess glucose; exercising in the form of antenatal yoga, breathing exercises, and simple walking for a minimum of 20-30 minutes are advisable.</li>
	<li>Nutritious diet: It is advisable to have smaller, more frequent meals (2-3 times a day with intermittent snacks) to minimise sudden sugar rush with heavy meals.</li>
</ul>

Here is a list of foods to eat to counter gestational diabetes:

<ol>
	<li>Natural, low sugar content, like fruits and raisins, are recommended more than sugar-based biscuits, candies, and cakes. </li>
	<li>One must include more fibre in the diet in the form of vegetables and whole grains. </li>
	<li>Saturated fats in fried foods must be avoided.</li>
	<li>Maintain good hydration levels to prevent dehydration and undue fatigue.</li>
</ol>

<h2>Prevention of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus</h2>

You can prevent the occurrence of diabetes during pregnancy by following a few simple steps:

<ul>
	<li>Plan your pregnancy in advance and prepare accordingly.</li>
	<li>Start with regular exercises like walking, cycling, swimming, or any fitness activity of your choice.</li>
	<li>Maintain a healthy lifestyle with a nutritious diet and fluids.</li>
	<li>Practise breathing techniques to maintain body homeostasis (regular functioning of the body).</li>
</ul>

<h2>Complications of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus During Pregnancy</h2>

<ul>
	<li>Diabetes after delivery: Women may continue to have high blood sugar levels and suffer from type 2 diabetes mellitus post delivery. You may need to continue medications and insulin administration for sometime.</li>
	<li>Babies born to women with gestational diabetes mellitus are at a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes at a later age with more significant symptoms.</li>
	<li>You may also have high blood pressure along with gestational diabetes during pregnancy known as preeclampsia. High sugar levels increase the flow and pressure of blood. Medicines will be started to control blood pressure levels.</li>
	<li>One may suffer from jaundice (yellow discolouration of the skin) during pregnancy or after delivery.</li>
	<li>The infant born may sometimes require glucose intravenously and close monitoring in an Intensive Care Unit (ICU) for a few days.</li>
	<li>The risk of obesity in mothers and children increases substantially due to the accumulation of excess fats in the body.</li>
</ul>

<h2>Bottom Line</h2>

Pregnancy is a sweet time to be cherished but sugar sweetness in your diet needs to be controlled during pregnancy to prevent gestational diabetes mellitus. High blood sugar levels during pregnancy occur due to an imbalance in pregnancy hormones. Minor symptoms, like increased thirst and urination, may be experienced.

A blood test and glucose tolerance test during the first trimester of pregnancy may confirm gestational diabetes mellitus. Regular monitoring and medicines may help overcome diabetes during and after delivery. You can check our 1 Month Gestational Diabetes Plan.

The unborn foetus may or may not get affected. Women should maintain fitness, diet, and hydration before planning a pregnancy to prevent gestational diabetes mellitus.

References

<ul>
	<li style="text-align:justify">Michael Dansinger.(December, 2021). Gestational Diabetes.https://www.webmd.com/diabetes/gestational-diabetes.webmd</li>
	<li style="text-align:justify">Centres for Disease Control and Prevention.(August, 2021). Gestational Diabetes.https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/basics/gestational.html.cdc.</li>
	<li style="text-align:justify">Mayo Clinic Staff.(April, 2022). Gestational Diabetes.(April, 2022). Gestational Diabetes.https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/gestational-diabetes/symptoms-causes/syc-20355339.mayoclinic.</li>
</ul>

When a pregnant woman has too little amniotic fluid then this condition is termed Oligohydramnios. Amniotic fluid is a fluid that surrounds the growing baby in the uterus and helps in the development of an unborn child. It acts as a cushion to your baby which allows your baby to move in the womb and prevents the umbilical cord to get pressed. By protecting the baby from any injury, the amniotic fluid performs several crucial functions. During pregnancy, your gynecologist will measure the amount of amniotic fluid through deep pocket measurements. After the AFI (amniotic fluid index) evaluation if the doctor suspects that it is lower than the baby&rsquo;s gestational age then it affects your health as well as the baby&rsquo;s health. When the amniotic fluid levels are low in the body of a pregnant woman then it is termed Oligohydramnios and if the fluid is too high then it is termed Polyhydramnios. Oligohydramnios is suspected: 

<ul>
	<li>
	When the volume of amniotic fluid is less than 500ml during 32nd-36th week of pregnancy. 
	</li>
	<li>
	AFI is less than 5cm. 
	</li>
</ul>

<ul>
	<li>
	Absence of the fluid pocket 2-3cm (in-depth). 
	</li>
</ul>

Oligohydramnios can occur any time during pregnancy however it is most common during the last trimester. If the woman has passed her due date by 2 weeks or more than that then her pregnancy is at high risk because the fluid decreases once the woman crosses her 41 weeks&#39; gestation. If your belly is not growing the way it should during pregnancy then your doctor might ask you to undergo a scan. Here are some common signs and symptoms of low amniotic fluid levels: 

<ul>
	<li>
	Fluctuations in blood pressure levels 
	</li>
	<li>
	Constant leaking fluid from the vagina 
	</li>
	<li>
	You are unable to feel the movement of your baby 
	</li>
</ul>

<ul>
	<li>
	Both mother and the child are not gaining enough weight 
	</li>
	<li>
	The growth of the baby elongates 
	</li>
</ul>

Oligohydramnios (low amniotic fluid) is caused by: 

<ul>
	<li>
	Water breaking- It happens when the amniotic sac tears off and the fluid flows out. It is natural if it happens around your due date but if it happens before and after your due date then you must immediately seek medical help. 
	</li>
	<li>
	Congenital disabilities- Issues with the development of the kidneys or the urinary tract leads to lower levels of amniotic fluid which causes lesser production of urine. 
	</li>
</ul>

<ul>
	<li>
	Problems with the placenta- The baby may stop recycling the fluid when your placenta is unable to provide enough blood and nutrients to the baby. 
	</li>
	<li>
	Post-date pregnancy- Amniotic fluid naturally decreases when the woman crosses her 42nd week during pregnancy. 
	</li>
	<li>
	Use of certain medication- Your doctor might strongly recommend you to avoid medicines of high blood pressure or painkillers. 
	</li>
	<li>
	Maternal complications like hypertension, diabetes, preeclampsia, chronic hypoxia, etc. 
	</li>
	<li>
	Identical twins- The issue of low amniotic fluid occurs when you are carrying identical twins that share the placenta. 
	</li>
</ul>

With the help of the following methods, your Obstetrician and Gynecologist can detect oligohydramnios: 

<ul>
	<li>
	Ultrasound scans- The fluid is measured in 4 various parts of the uterus and then is put together to evaluate AFI. The kidneys and the bladder of the baby are also assessed to check for any anomalies. Head circumference, abdominal circumference, and femur length are also assessed during an ultrasound scan. 
	</li>
	<li>
	AFI (amniotic fluid index)- It is measured through ultrasonography where a doctor can determine the volume of fluid in your uterus. 
	</li>
	<li>
	Sterile Speculum Examination- With the help of a speculum (device) a doctor can look inside the vagina and can observe the cervix. 
	</li>
	<li>
	Maximum vertical pocket- With the help of ultrasound scan reports a doctor can check the volume of fluid in the thickest part of the uterus excluding the umbilical cord and fetal portion. 
	</li>
</ul>

<ul>
	<li>
	Blood tests- Maternal serum screening can help in the detection of low fluid. The doctor may also observe any congenital problems in your baby like Down&rsquo;s syndrome through a blood test. 
	</li>
	<li>
	Amniotic wrinkle- It is possible when you are carrying identical twins and doctors have to detect whether both the babies are getting enough amniotic fluid or not. 
	</li>
</ul>

Some pregnant women are at a higher risk of Oligohydramnios than others and this includes: 

<ul>
	<li>
	Diabetes 
	</li>
	<li>
	Obesity 
	</li>
</ul>

<ul>
	<li>
	High blood pressure during pregnancy 
	</li>
	<li>
	Problems with placenta 
	</li>
	<li>
	Lupus (an autoimmune disease) 
	</li>
</ul>

In mild conditions, the doctor will always advise you to drink plenty of fluids to keep your body hydrated. If Oligohydramnios is diagnosed in the last trimester of pregnancy, then your doctor might do the following treatment for the severe condition: 

<ul>
	<li>
	Amnioinfusion 
	</li>
</ul>

<ul>
	<li>
	Vesico-amniotic shunt 
	</li>
	<li>
	Bed rest 
	</li>
	<li>
	Fluid injections 
	</li>
	<li>
	Maternal hydration 
	</li>
	<li>
	Termination of pregnancy 
	</li>
</ul>

There are a number of women who are suffering from gestational diabetes during pregnancy. If you are also one of them, this post can help you. So, keep on reading. 

Hormones are responsible for gestational diabetes; while this happens, it often tends to create complications such as early birth. The conditions can be manageable in some women while some do not. So, to achieve a healthy pregnancy, you must be attentive to your body needs. 

Here we have come up with the five easy tips to maintain a sustainable sugar level. 

<ol start="1">
	<li>
	Check on your diet: Diet always plays a crucial role to maintain good health and wellbeing. To maintain healthy sugar levels, one should opt for a healthy balanced diet that easily maintains blood sugar levels. 
	</li>
</ol>

Keep note- don&rsquo;t just fly with your thoughts; just keep in touch with your doctor and work accordingly. 

<ol start="2">
	<li>
	Stay attentive: To keep yourself attentive and healthy for a long time, you need to put yourself in physical activity by doing a regular workout (as recommended by a physician). Make sure you have counted your calories intake and along with your exercise schedule so you can go a long way to stay fit inside. 
	</li>
</ol>

<ol start="3">
	<li>
	Do check your sugar level: Well, no one can control blood sugar levels. So, it is crucial to check the blood sugar level with the help of the Mylo Gestational Diabetes Plan. It helps to test your sugar level comfortably from your home and also notify you to adjust your foods along with your diet and exercise routine. 
	</li>
</ol>

<ol start="4">
	<li>
	Reduce your stress: With the increased level of stress, the hormone levels are distressed and may help you have gestational diabetes. Thus, try to add meditation, a rich diet, and Mylo Gestational Diabetes Plan that always keep you in check with diabetes. 
	</li>
</ol>

<ol start="5">
	<li>
	Get medication: If you find high blood sugar levels, then get medication from your doctor. He/she would suggest some safe medication that doesn&rsquo;t harm your baby. 
	</li>
</ol>

The bottom Line 

If you are diabetic and need help, then navigate to the Mylo Gestational Diabetes Plan. This will allow you to check on regular blood sugar levels, and you will easily come through regular changes during pregnancy. Also, we recommend you check with your doctor regularly.

Whether it was an involuntary abortion or a miscarriage last time, the good news is that you can always plan to conceive again. Abortion doesn&rsquo;t affect the fertility of a woman but the only condition is that it should be done carefully without damaging the other organs of the reproductive system. If you opted for abortion recently or many years ago, then you must have visited a doctor who is highly skilled in the field of gynecology. If the abortion is done improperly, then in the future, it may lead to several complications like- major effects on the bladder, intestines, and other reproductive organs. Complications in the future can arise only when the surgeon is unskilled or doesn&rsquo;t have the proper tools to complete the procedure of abortion properly. You must educate yourself about all the complications and risks involved with abortion and miscarriage if ever happened: 

<ul>
	<li>
	How to get pregnant after an abortion? 
	</li>
</ul>

When your ovulation resumes, you can easily conceive again if you haven&rsquo;t used any kind of birth control method. You must give ample time to your body for healing from within. Eat a balanced diet and don&rsquo;t exert your body with household chores or office work. 

<ul>
	<li>
	How do multiple abortions affect your body? 
	</li>
</ul>

If you&rsquo;ve had many abortions, then the chances of having infections are quite high. For instance, your fallopian tubes can get blocked. If your fallopian tubes get blocked, then you have to undergo IVF treatment to conceive again because you&rsquo;ll not get pregnant just by having sexual intercourse with your partner. 

<ul>
	<li>
	Risk factors that can affect my pregnancy in the future? 
	</li>
</ul>

If your surgeon has informed you that it was a complicated abortion, then you&rsquo;ll be facing more difficulties during the pregnancy. If the cervix is tight naturally, the surgeon will put more force to dilate it, which can later traumatize the tissues. It makes the cervix quite weak, which later on, results in preterm birth or a miscarriage again. 

<ul>
	<li>
	What if the process of abortion was complicated? 
	</li>
</ul>

After the operation, one must not feel a huge amount of pain in the abdomen. If that happens you must immediately rush to your doctor to avoid long-lasting consequences of the abortion. Excessive bleeding can block your fallopian tubes later on and it can make you anemic and weak. If some pieces of the fetus or the placenta are left behind, you may experience unbearable pain in your abdomen. All these reasons will make it very difficult for you to conceive naturally the next time. 

If you wish to try for a baby again, then doctors always recommend waiting for at least 3 months after the abortion or a miscarriage, to ensure the wellbeing of the mother and her baby. No doubt, multiple abortions can make you emotionally weak and your cervix might have become weak. You must eat a healthy diet, go for a walk, meditate, and don&rsquo;t stress yourself with all the setbacks you had earlier.

<h2>What Causes Varicose Veins?</h2>

Your legs are more likely to show signs of varicose veins. They are usually blue or purple and may feel immediately under the surface.

There are no strong muscles in the veins. Therefore, they depend on one-way valves and leg muscles to transport blood back toward the heart. Blood might build up in the leg veins if the valves aren&#39;t functioning correctly. In addition, vascular walls swell as a result of the increasing pressure.

If you haven&#39;t previously had a baby, varicose veins pregnancy may produce a wide range of physical changes. Varicose veins may develop as a result of some of these alterations. ii

During pregnancy, the production of progesterone is enhanced. There are several benefits to using it, including a healthy pregnancy. Relaxed veins make blood flow more slowly. As the vein fills with blood, the pressure within the vein expands, causing the vein to grow in size.

Pregnant women increase blood volume because of the increased demand for oxygen. As a result of increased blood in the circulatory system, the valves and walls of the veins are put under additional stress.

Organs and blood arteries in the abdomen are being put under pressure by the uterus as the baby grows. Before returning to the heart, blood passes from the leg veins to the pelvis or lower abdomen veins. Because of the uterus&#39;s strain on these pelvic veins, blood cannot leave the body via the legs.

Pregnant women are more prone to develop varicose veins because of the hormonal changes during pregnancy. To cure, you can take laser treatment for varicose veins.

<h2>During pregnancy, are varicoceles serious?</h2>

In the short term, varicose veins may itch or sting, but they are generally harmless. You may be able to postpone varicose veins treatment, if necessary, until after giving birth.

People with varicose veins may also develop tiny blood clots at the skin&#39;s surface (superficial venous thrombosis). Clotted blood may cause a vein to become stiff and cord-like and the region surrounding it to become inflamed or even painful.

If you suspect you have one of these clots, contact your doctor or midwife immediately. You may use warm compresses to treat them during pregnancy, and they usually go away in a few days or weeks. However, a clot&#39;s surrounding region might get contaminated from time to time. As a result, you may get a fever or chills and need immediate antibiotic varicose veins surgery.

If you see any of the following:

<ul>
	<li>
	Either limb swells up to a dangerous size. 
	</li>
	<li>
	Your leg becomes infected with sores. 
	</li>
</ul>

<ul>
	<li>
	The color of the skin around the veins changes.
	</li>
</ul>

DVT is a more severe disorder in which a deep vein thrombosis (DVT) occurs, generally in the lower legs. It may be life-threatening if the clot becomes irritated or travels to the lungs and becomes infected.

When pregnant, DVT is more prevalent regardless of whether or not you have varicose veins: You have a 1 in 1,600 risk of getting it, whether you have it while pregnant or after giving birth. Pregnant women who are obese, have blood clotting issues, or are carrying multiples, and those on bed rest, are at greater risk.)

The symptoms of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) may range from no signs to sudden, excruciating pain in the ankle, leg, and thigh. In addition, a slight temperature may accompany the pain, which may be worse while your foot is flexed or when you&#39;re standing. Call your doctor right away if you experience any of these signs to get the best treatment for varicose veins.

Ultrasound imaging of the afflicted region may be required. In addition, you will require hospitalization and blood-thinning medication for everyone who has one of these blood clots.

References

<ul>
	<li style="text-align:justify">National Heart Lung and Blood Institute: &quot;Explore Varicose Veins.&quot; March , 2022</li>
	<li style="text-align:justify">Mayo Clinic: &quot;Varicose veins.&quot; May, 2022</li>
</ul>

Infertility refers to the inability to conceive a child after regular unprotected sexual intercourse for a period of 12 months or more. It can be caused due to factors related with age, genetics and problems with egg or sperm. 

Risk factors related to infertility 

Age: The fertility of a woman gradually decreases with age. The number and quality of eggs decline as a woman gets older. Similarly, men over 40 are less fertile than younger men. 

Use of tobacco and alcohol: Its usage either by a man or a woman can reduce the chance to achieve pregnancy. 

Irregular menstrual cycle: Irregular periods are common in women both under and overweight. In order to achieve a normal weight, consult your gynaecologist and adopt a healthy diet. 

Causes of infertility in women 

The Causes of infertility in women include the following: 

Hormonal disorders: In case of any hormonal issues, problems with ovulation can occur. It can be due to lack of synchronisation in hormones leading to release of egg from the ovaries. 

Thyroid gland disorders: Either too much or too little of the thyroid hormone can result in interference with the menstrual cycle. 

Gland disorders: The hormonal disorders include problems with hypothalamus, adrenal gland, pituitary gland and polycystic ovarian syndrome. 

Structural disorders: These issues include the Growth of polyps or fibroids in the uterus, abnormal anatomy of the cervix, scar tissue. There can be problem with the transportation of egg due to damaged Fallopian tubes. 

Additional factors include: 

<ul>
	<li>
	Stress 
	</li>
</ul>

<ul>
	<li>
	Exposure to toxic chemicals such as smoke, tobacco, pesticides, radiation 
	</li>
	<li>
	Kidney disease 
	</li>
	<li>
	Sickle cell disease 
	</li>
	<li>
	Diabetes 
	</li>
	<li>
	Poor diet lacking in essential nutrients 
	</li>
</ul>

Identifying the causes 

Your doctor may perform an examination to ascertain the cause of infertility which includes: 

<ul>
	<li>
	Carrying out blood tests to check for hormone levels 
	</li>
</ul>

<ul>
	<li>
	Ultrasound to assess the anatomy of the uterus 
	</li>
	<li>
	Laparoscopy to view the outside of the ovaries, uterus and Fallopian tubes to detect any abnormalities 
	</li>
</ul>

The beautiful phase of pregnancy brings a lot of physical, mental, and emotional changes along with it. There will be a lot going on in your mind and body at the same time. Soon after the confirmed positive news of your pregnancy, you will start collecting all the required information about the changes that will come into your life in the next nine months. With all the excitement, you also get anxious and nervous about the journey. Below mentioned are some common fearful thoughts that will strike your mind and you must stay calm to combat all those fears: 

<ul>
	<li>
	Miscarriage- The most common fear that&rsquo;ll haunt you in the first trimester is what if your pregnancy results in a miscarriage? A lot of physical and mental changes like nausea, morning sickness, fatigue, and stress will occur at the beginning of the pregnancy. You can discuss your concerns with an expert or the doctor and by having a healthy diet and supplements, you can deal with this fear. Although there is no sure-shot way to stop a miscarriage; still, you can lower the risk by avoiding unhealthy foods, alcohol, smoking, caffeine, etc. 
	</li>
	<li>
	Birth defect in the baby- Your doctor will recommend you numerous screening tests and ultrasounds. Just ensure that you don&rsquo;t get lazy and skip those. You might get anxious during every single prenatal test but it is the only way and also the best way to diagnose the problem. This is so because diagnosis at an early stage will help you decide what&rsquo;s best for you and your baby. The best way to protect your baby&rsquo;s health is to eat multivitamins along with folic acid. 
	</li>
	<li>
	Preterm labor- You might worry a lot about your unborn child and about labor and delivery. Your baby&rsquo;s growth and development are perfectly happening in the womb during the entire course of pregnancy. The risk of serious complications or developmental issues is less if the baby is born on the scheduled due date as recommended by your doctor. You must not miss your scheduled prenatal check-ups and adapt to a healthy lifestyle. 
	</li>
</ul>

<ul>
	<li>
	Physical intimacy and relationship with your partner- You must be wondering that your relationship with your partner will change forever but it&rsquo;s not like that. Once the baby is home, you and your partner&rsquo;s priorities will change. You just have to give some time to your body to heal internally post-delivery. After a few months, you will snap back and will crave more sex. Your sex-life will be more satisfying than before and your relationship will also become stronger. 
	</li>
	<li>
	Labor/Delivery- From the first week of your pregnancy, you&rsquo;ll start wondering about your delivery and labor. Most women wonder whether they&rsquo;ll have a C-section or a normal vaginal delivery. All you have to do is keep visiting your doctor regularly and openly discuss all your fears with the doctor. The gynecologist will inform you in advance about your due date and the procedure of delivery. 
	</li>
	<li>
	Chances of developing gestational diabetes or preeclampsia- From the first day, your doctor must have advised you to eat healthily, go for a walk and say goodbye to stress. This helps in preventing your body from such ailments. 
	</li>
</ul>

Worrying affects your and baby&rsquo;s health adversely so just take care of yourselves and enjoy your pregnancy!

Does your family have a genetic condition? Are you looking for ways to reduce the risk of genetic conditions in your baby? Then, PGD testing is the best way. Let&#39;s get into a deeper understanding of the PGD with the IVF process.  

The PGD testing  

Preimplantation genetic diagnosis is a testing process for parents having genetic hereditary conditions. The testing tries to reduce the risk of carrying genetic conditions to babies. The IVF with PGD treatment limits baby birth with genetic conditions. IVF with PGD is successful in starting a family. 

IVF with PGD method:  

<ul>
	<li>
	With exact mutation and disease in the family, every PGD test is custom-designed.  
	</li>
	<li>
	The next step is reviewing the genetic testing report of the patient. The treatment starts if PGD is likely.  
	</li>
	<li>
	The probe development is the next process, with DNA samples from sperm source, egg source, family member, etc.  
	</li>
	<li>
	The stimulation of egg source ovaries results in multiple egg production at once.  
	</li>
	<li>
	The doctor analyses the eggs.  
	</li>
</ul>

<ul>
	<li>
	The ICSI technique is used for fertilization in the PGD process.  
	</li>
	<li>
	For about 5 to 6 days fertilized eggs are put in the laboratory for the blastocyst stage.  
	</li>
	<li>
	A blastocyst embryo holds 100 to 150 cells.  
	</li>
	<li>
	The embryologists conduct a biopsy by eliminating about 10 cells from the embryo.  
	</li>
	<li>
	The blastocysts are in the clinic.  
	</li>
</ul>

<ul>
	<li>
	The cells are taken to the lab in a test tube for PGD testing.  
	</li>
	<li>
	The lab employs the probe initially used for testing embryos for inherited mutations.  
	</li>
	<li>
	The lab generates the result of every embryo to the clinic.  
	</li>
	<li>
	If the patient has normal embryos unaffected by condition with PGD, then transferring unaffected embryo is implemented.  
	</li>
	<li>
	The treatment also goes for added IVF cycles and retrievals for creating more embryos.  
	</li>
</ul>

IVF with PGD helps start a happy family. The treatment helps couples avoid children from obtaining genetic diseases. Hope the information is useful for couples trying to deliver healthy babies.

Pregnancy in itself is exciting and can become even more joyful with the news of twins. But it also comes with increased risks for complications like premature birth, even if not profound. While there is a rush of many emotions, we understand you want to be as aware as possible about everything. This is why we have compiled a list of common complications that you might face when pregnant with twins or more than one baby. 

Premature Delivery 

Premature delivery is the most commonly faced complication associated with twins or triplets. Almost half the twins are born early, which often leads to some health-related problems in babies. 

Lack of healthy red blood cells from too little iron can lead to premature birth. It is called iron deficiency anaemia, making it essential for you to add iron to your diet as recommended by your doctor. 

Diabetes 

There is a higher probability of having diabetes when expecting twins or triplets, also called Gestational diabetes. It is essential to disclose your medical history and family history for the doctor to check for signs of gestational diabetes. If needed, your doctor might prescribe a glucose tolerance test to check for signs of gestational diabetes by assessing everything. 

Underweight 

More than half of twins are born underweight, weighing less than 5 1/2 pounds. These babies are also more prone to health problems when compared to babies born alone. Conditions such as vision and hearing loss and mental disabilities are commonly seen in these babies. 

Preeclampsia 

High blood pressure, swelling, headache, and vision-related challenges are regular in multiple-pregnancy and are called preeclampsia. However, if not treated on time and properly, preeclampsia can end up depriving your baby of oxygen and nutrients while also posing a serious risk to your organs. 

Sensations of pain and tingling 

Sensations of pain and tingling in the leg and lower-back are common during multiple pregnancies but are not considered dangerous. Taking certain precautions like wearing shoes that fit you properly and are comfortable can make the real difference. 

Miscarriage 

No matter how heart-breaking it sounds but miscarriage also has higher chances when pregnant with twins and is also called vanishing twin syndrome. This syndrome is due to chromosomal problems that happen during fertilization. 

Healthy Lifestyle - the solution to everything 

Eating nutritious food, taking enough rest and regularly visiting the doctor are important steps for any pregnant woman to take towards a healthy pregnancy. 

These steps are especially important during multiple pregnancies. Expecting twins means additional dietary needs as you now have to eat for three humans. If your diet is not proper or nutritious, it can lead to problems that can be dangerous for the babies and you. And we know that as a mother, you don&#39;t want to leave anything to chance.

Pregnant? Do not ignore these warning signs, it may be Pre-eclampsia 

Pregnant women often experience novel sensations during pregnancy. However, there can be a serious condition where the only cure was to have a baby. 

This condition is known as preeclampsia and can affect about 5 to 8 percent of the pregnant women. 

 What is pre-eclampsia? 

It is a condition occurring in women who are pregnant or in their early postpartum period. It is characterised by high blood pressure and damage to the liver and kidneys. In case it is left untreated it could prove fatal for you and your baby. 

Pre-eclampsia is one of the four high blood pressure disorders which include Chronic hypertension, Gestational hypertension, and Chronic hypertension with superimposed pre-eclampsia. 

Symptoms of pre-eclampsia 

Sometimes pre-eclampsia can develop without any symptoms. Conditions such as high blood pressure can develop over a period or can suddenly onset. Monitoring blood pressure is an important part during the pregnancy period as the first sign of pre-eclampsia is the rise of blood pressure. Blood pressure exceeding 140/90 recorded on two occasions, four hours apart is considered abnormal. 

 The signs of pre-eclampsia include the following; 

<ul>
	<li>
	 Presence of excess protein in urine (proteinuria) 
	</li>
</ul>

<ul>
	<li>
	Decreased platelets in blood 
	</li>
	<li>
	Shortness of breath, due to presence of fluid in lungs 
	</li>
	<li>
	Severe headache 
	</li>
	<li>
	Change in vision 
	</li>
	<li>
	Pain in the abdomen 
	</li>
</ul>

<ul>
	<li>
	Sudden weigh gain 
	</li>
	<li>
	Swollen on face and hands 
	</li>
</ul>

Risk factors related to pre-eclampsia 

<ul>
	<li>
	 Presence of chronic hypertension: In case you have chronic hypertension, you are at a higher risk of developing pre-eclampsia. 
	</li>
	<li>
	First pregnancy: The risk of developing this complication is highest during the first pregnancy. 
	</li>
</ul>

<ul>
	<li>
	Role of age: The risk of pre-eclampsia is higher for young as well as women who are older than 35. 
	</li>
	<li>
	Obese women: Risk of this disease is higher in case you are obese. 
	</li>
</ul>

<ul>
	<li>
	History of medical condition: Having condition such as high blood pressure, diabetes, kidney disease, migraine increases the chance of pre-eclampsia. 
	</li>
</ul>

 Complications for your baby 

 The earlier it occurs in your pregnancy, the greater the risk for your baby. Complications can include: 

 Slow growth for baby: As pre-eclampsia affects the arteries which carry blood to the placenta, an inadequate amount can reduce blood, oxygen and nutrients leading to growth restriction of baby. 

 Pre-term baby: In case of a severe pre-eclampsia, your baby may need to be delivered early which can lead to breathing troubles for your baby. 

 Placenta abruption: It is a condition where placenta separates from the inner wall of the uterus prior delivery. A case of severe abruptions can lead to heavy bleeding and be life threatening for your baby and you. 

 Reducing the risk of pre-eclampsia 

 To prevent preeclampsia, consult your doctor. You may be given a low dosage of aspirin if you have certain risk factors such as chronic high blood pressure, kidney disease or diabetes. 

 In some case, women who are calcium deficient and are unable to get enough through their diet, can benefit from supplements to prevent pre-eclampsia.

For some women, it&rsquo;s really hard to deal with nausea and morning sickness, and for some craving for sex increases during pregnancy. Similarly, some men find pregnant women quite sexier, and for others, hesitation is there, and they might get afraid not to harm the baby just to enjoy sex with their partner. If you are wondering whether sex during first 3 months of pregnancy is safe or not, then, be assured that as per the experts, sex is safe and should be encouraged, especially in the second trimester of pregnancy. For some women, excitement for the babymoon also begins when they notice those tiny pink lines on the pregnancy test. The second trimester is no doubt perfect for your staycation or a babymoon, but in any case, you must take permission from your doctor even if you want to try some different positions of sex with your partner. If you have a healthy pregnancy with no complications, no one will stop you from getting intimate with your partner. You may observe that all the symptoms of the first trimester like nausea, fatigue, and morning sickness have vanished, and your sex drive is increasing, and this is because of the below-mentioned reasons: 

<ul>
	<li>
	Hormonal fluctuations- When the level of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) gradually decreases in the body of a pregnant woman; then it slowly starts balancing other hormones like estrogen and progesterone. As a result, it will increase the sex drive in a woman and make her feel more energetic. 
	</li>
	<li>
	Increased libido- The increase in libido happens when the blood flow in the genitals of a pregnant woman increases, making the vagina more lubricated and hypersensitive. That&#39;s a plus point for the couple to have a more pleasurable sexual activity. 
	</li>
</ul>

If your partner is also worried about whether during pregnancy sex is good or bad, you must convince your partner that nothing can harm the fetus as your baby is well protected in the amniotic sac. After consulting with your gynecologist, you can explain to your partner that there are no adverse effects of having sex during the second trimester of your pregnancy. You must avoid having sex during the second trimester in the below-mentioned cases: 

<ul>
	<li>
	If you&#39;ve had a previous miscarriage, having sex while pregnant could raise your chances of having another one.
	</li>
	<li>
	Sex can increase the risk of further bleeding if you&#39;ve had significant bleeding, especially if the placenta is lower than usual.
	</li>
	<li>
	An infection will be more likely if you&#39;ve had amniotic fluid leaks.
	</li>
	<li>
	Sex should be avoided if you have placenta previa. In this case, the placenta grows in the uterus&#39; lower portion and covers the cervix entirely or partially. 
	</li>
	<li>
	Premature labor and miscarriage can occur if you have an incompetent cervix, which means your cervix dilates too quickly.
	</li>
	<li>
	It is possible that an infection in the uterus is to blame if you detect bleeding or a foul-smelling discharge following intercourse.
	</li>
	<li>
	In the second trimester of pregnancy, if you are experiencing pain during intercourse, it is best to stop.
	</li>
	<li>
	Because of the preceding conditions, your doctor is likely to tell you to avoid sex during the second trimester of your pregnancy. 
	</li>
</ul>

<h2>During the Third Trimester of Pregnancy, Can Sex Hurt You or Your Unborn Child? </h2>

The amniotic fluid, which shields the fetus from the outside world, keeps it secure in the mother&#39;s womb. Fetal shock and other problems can be prevented by this method. During sex, the infant is not aware of any discomfort or pressure. Having sex in the second trimester of pregnancy is completely safe for you and your unborn child. So, suppose you&#39;re still pondering and stressing yourself over can we do sex in pregnancy. In that case, you can now relax as even the doctors recommend sex but only under the conditions mentioned earlier.

<h2>Sexual and Cervical Incompetence </h2>

Women with an incompetent cervix, also known as cervical insufficiency, are usually not advised to have intercourse while pregnant. Premature dilation of the cervical canal is caused by weak cervical tissue. In order for the baby to be born, the cervix dilates or gradually opens up. When a woman has an incompetent cervix, the cervix dilates prematurely, leading to a miscarriage or early birth. 

Early dilation of the cervix caused by pressure on the cervix during any physical activity, especially sex, during pregnancy can lead to premature labor and a pre-term baby or to the loss of pregnancy. You should avoid sex during pregnancy if you&#39;ve been diagnosed with an incompetent or weakened cervix. However, your doctor can do a check-up and provide you with the best advice based on your specific medical condition. Good news! You can resume regular sex after your pregnancy. 

Your baby is not a silent observer, so don&rsquo;t be hesitant as they are safe and protected from all the shocks and other injuries. To enjoy every bit of this phase, you must get involved in some secure sex positions, for instance- 

<ul>
	<li>
	Women on top 
	</li>
</ul>

Women can easily control the penetration, there will be no pressure on the stomach, and it is one of the most comfortable sex positions. 

<ul>
	<li>
	Reverse spooning 
	</li>
</ul>

You can lie on your side, and your partner can insert the penis from behind. You can enjoy shallow penetration in this position. 

<ul>
	<li>
	Penetration from behind 
	</li>
</ul>

A woman can simply kneel by taking arm support like that can keep the pressure away from her baby bump. 

<ul>
	<li>
	Oral Sex 
	</li>
</ul>

You can also try oral sex where your partner is on top (as long as your spouse isn&#39;t too heavy), and then there is mutual masturbation.

If you&#39;re unsure whether or not anal sex during first 3 months of pregnancy is safe or not, keep in mind that there are a few things to keep in mind in order to avoid infection. In order to prevent the spread of bacteria, your partner should shower before going from the back door to the front door. You should avoid positions that place weight on your stomach or have you lying on your back for long periods now that your bump is getting bigger. 

Try to avoid missionary positions and minimize deeper penetrations. If you don&rsquo;t have any complications, you shouldn&rsquo;t miss this honeymoon period of your pregnancy.

<h2>Is Oral Sex Safe During The Second Trimester Of Pregnancy?</h2>

Yes, oral sex while pregnant is safe. To avoid a potentially life-threatening situation, you should ensure that your spouse doesn&#39;t forcefully blow air into your vagina while having oral sex. 

If you&#39;re the one doing the giving and not the receiving, there are no safeguards. In case you were curious, yes, it is safe to swallow semen when pregnant.

<h2>How Common Is A Cramp During Or Following An Orgasm? </h2>

There is nothing to worry about if you experience some cramping during your climax. During pregnancy, the flow of blood to the pelvic area increases, which, combined with the typical congestion of the sexual organs and the regular contractions of the uterus after sex, results in a mild kind of pain. Intercourse can cause up to half an hour of uterine contractions. 

Post-passion pain can be exacerbated by anxiety. Are you concerned that having sex could harm your unborn child? Your muscles may stiffen up as a result of that stress. It&#39;s okay to have sex during these nine months unless your OB specifically tells you otherwise. 

Deep breathing can assist in alleviating post-coital cramping by calming the mind and body. Why not give your sweetheart a relaxing massage on the lower back with only a few taps of your fingers? Your muscles will feel less tense and more pleasurable as a result.

<h2>Conclusion </h2>

Pregnancy is a beautiful phase because you have a life growing inside of you, and you feel every bit responsible for your child&#39;s well-being. However, your relationship with your partner is essential, too, and one of the ways of maintaining the spice in a relationship is love-making. You definitely must have been through thoughts like &quot;till which month sex is safe in pregnancy&quot; and whether sex or thrusting will harm your unborn baby. Doctors recommend it, but it still depends from person to person. If your doctor says go for it, then you should go for it, and if your doctor says wait, well then, just wait!

References

<ul>
	<li style="text-align:justify">Lisa Lombardi .(August , 2021) .Pregnancy Sex Through the Trimesters </li>
</ul>

When one is pregnant and they find that the placenta isn&rsquo;t working they can develop pre-eclampsia. It can make you and your baby quite ill if you don&rsquo;t receive the treatment you need. With Preeclampsia your baby may not get enough oxygen and nutrients, thus hampering its growth.

Pre-eclampsia usually happens in the second half of pregnancy, or shortly after birth. You&rsquo;re most likely to develop it after 20 weeks of pregnancy

To understand whether one has this, there are many symptoms &ndash;

<ul>
	<li>Severe headache.</li>
	<li>Problems with vision, such as blurring or flashing before your eyes.</li>
	<li>Severe pain just below your ribs.</li>
	<li>Nausea or vomiting.</li>
	<li>Severe heartburn and acidity</li>
	<li>Sudden, severe swelling of your face, hands or feet.</li>
</ul>

A lot of women ask when and if they are likely to develop pre-eclampsia 
 

You&rsquo;re much more likely to develop pre-eclampsia if you:

<ul>
	<li>Had high blood pressure in a previous pregnancy.</li>
	<li>Have chronic kidney disease.</li>
	<li>Have an autoimmune condition, such as lupus.</li>
	<li>Have either Type 1 or Type 2 diabetes.</li>
	<li>Had high blood pressure before you were pregnant.</li>
</ul>

 
If any of these apply to you, your doctor will recommend that you take a daily low dose of aspirin from 12 weeks of pregnancy. 
 

Apart from this, you&rsquo;re also at risk of having pre-eclampsia if:

<ul>
	<li>This is your first baby.</li>
	<li>If you&#39;re an adolescent or over 35 years old.</li>
	<li>You had a gap between pregnancies of 10 years or more.</li>
	<li>You were obese before you were pregnant, with a high body mass index (BMI) at the start of your pregnancy.</li>
	<li>Your sister or mum had pre-eclampsia.</li>
	<li>You are expecting twins or triplets</li>
</ul>

 

How to prevent preeclampsia?

There is no real way of actually treating preeclampsia. The one thing you could do is attend all your prenatal appointments and eat medications that have been prescribed. Familiarize yourself with the symptoms, so that you can be prepared! Research has shown that calcium supplements can cut the risk of pre-eclampsia in women with low calcium diets. Your doctor will speak to you about supplements you need to stay healthy in pregnancy.

 

Mild pre-eclampsia 
Mild cases of pre-eclampsia are usually treated on an out-patient (OPD) basis. Depending on the test results, you&#39;re likely to go home after the check-up. Your doctor will prescribe medication to control your blood pressure and suggest you get enough rest.

 
Moderate pre-eclampsia 
Some cases of moderate pre-eclampsia may be treated on an out-patient basis. However, in some cases, your doctor may suggest you stay in the hospital for longer to be monitored. 
 
You&rsquo;ll have your blood pressure checked at least four times a day and need to take medication to lower your blood pressure. You&rsquo;ll have blood tests and you may also have ultrasound scans if you were diagnosed before 34 weeks or if your doctor is concerned about your baby.

 
Severe pre-eclampsia 
You&rsquo;ll need to stay in the hospital if you have severe pre-eclampsia, so you can be monitored closely. You&rsquo;ll have blood pressure, urine and blood tests at least four times a day, as well as medication to control your blood pressure. Your baby will also be checked carefully. Doctors will monitor his growth and wellbeing via scans, and his heart rate will be measured. 
 
Your doctor&#39;s priority is to stop you from developing complications. So your fluid levels will be controlled, and you may be put on a drip that contains magnesium sulphate. Magnesium sulphate will lower your risk of developing eclampsia. Sometimes, severe pre-eclampsia can cause fits, and magnesium sulphate can help prevent that happening.

 
 

Apart from all this, Pre-eclampsia can all lead to other complications:

If pre-eclampsia becomes very severe, then it may lead to other complications. This means you may get more serious symptoms, and you may need to go to intensive care or a maternity high-dependency unit. It can lead to other symptoms like &ndash;

Eclampsia 
This is a rare but serious condition that can lead to seizures or convulsions and can put both you and your baby at great risk. 
 
Eclampsia can develop during pregnancy and birth. It can also happen in the first few days after your baby is born, and especially if your pre-eclampsia was severe.

HELLP syndrome 
This is a rare liver and blood-clotting disorder that can develop before pre-eclampsia has been diagnosed. HELLP stands for:

<ul>
	<li>H: hemolysis, which means the breaking down of red blood cells.</li>
	<li>EL: elevated liver enzymes, which is a sign that your liver is not working properly.</li>
	<li>LP: low platelet count, which means you may not have enough platelets to allow your blood to clot.</li>
</ul>

 
Other complications 
These can include:

<ul>
	<li>liver and kidney failure</li>
	<li>stroke (cerebral hemorrhage)</li>
	<li>fluid in the lungs (pulmonary edema)</li>
	<li>blood clotting disorders</li>
</ul>

We hope this article has provided you with enough information about this so-called problem and has helped you to understand what it is, how to prevent it, to treat it, and other complications it can lead to. As soon as you feel you&rsquo;re having the symptoms, visit your doctor. Do not delay!

Nose bleeding during pregnancy 

Don&rsquo;t get terrified while spotting blood after a nose blow. Nose bleeds are common during pregnancy due to hormonal variations. Do you know that 20% of pregnant women experience nose bleeds? Let&rsquo;s get to know more about nose bleeding during pregnancy.  

Why does the nose bleed during pregnancy?  

The blood circulating in the body elevates during the first trimester making the heart work harder. This intends that your inner nasal passage also collects more blood. Due to enhanced blood volume, the tiny blood vessels inside your nose may get hurt. These blood vessels burst and result in a nose bleed.  

A nose bleeding happens from a few seconds to more than ten minutes. Blood flows out from either one or both the nostrils.  

Ways to stop nose bleeding  

<ul>
	<li>
	Maintain an upright head by sitting or standing. By this method, the blood vessels inside your nose receive decreased pressure.  
	</li>
	<li>
	Below the bony ridge, pinch the soft area of the nose with forefinger and thumb. Press two sides of the nose after pinching.  
	</li>
	<li>
	For about ten minutes, pinch without releasing.  
	</li>
	<li>
	For ones experiencing more blood flow, could bend forward and breathe through the mouth. This helps blood flow out of the nose instead of back to the throat.  
	</li>
</ul>

<ul>
	<li>
	It is better to place an ice pack on the bony part of the nose.  
	</li>
	<li>
	Release the pinch after ten minutes and watch out if bleeding ceased.  
	</li>
	<li>
	If not, continue the process again for ten minutes. 
	</li>
</ul>

Ways to avoid nose bleed 

<ul>
	<li>
	Avert large sneezes and blow the nose gently.  
	</li>
</ul>

<ul>
	<li>
	Sidestep the habit of picking your nose.  
	</li>
	<li>
	During winter months, while air is dry, chances for nose bleeds are high. Hence, using a dehumidifier to moisten air is the right way.  
	</li>
	<li>
	If you had a recent nose bleed avoid hitting the nose.  
	</li>
	<li>
	Sneeze while keeping your mouth open.  
	</li>
	<li>
	Avert getting into vigorous exercise for 12 hours after bleeding.  
	</li>
</ul>

No need to panic as nose bleeding is normal during pregnancy. Getting in touch with your doctor is recommended during serious cases. Hope the information is beneficial and informative for pregnant women.

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