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Placental margin located 2 cm or less from the internal os of the cervix

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गर्भावस्था के दौरान महिला के शुगर होना.

प्रश्न पूछने और श्रम और प्रसव के लिए, प्रसवपूर्व देखभाल और सुबह बीमारी से सबकुछ पर अंतर्दृष्टि साझा करने के लिए यह एक सुरक्षित जगह है।

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ஒரு பெண் ஒன்றுக்கு மேற்பட்ட குழந்தைகளை சுமக்கும்போது

கர்ப்ப காலத்தில் இரத்தத்தில் குளுக்கோஸ் அளவு அதிகரித்தல்

மகப்பேறுக்கு முற்பட்ட பராமரிப்பு மற்றும் காலை நோய் முதல் பிரசவ வலி மற்றும் பிரசவ காலம் வரை எல்லாவற்றிலும் கேள்விகளைக் கேட்கவும் அனுபவங்களைப்  பகிர்ந்து கொள்ளவும் இது பாதுகாப்பான இடமாகும்.

கர்ப்பகால பயணம், கர்ப்பம் என்றும் அழைக்கப்படுகிறது, இது ஒரு பெண்ணுக்குள் ஒன்று அல்லது அதற்கு மேற்பட்ட சந்ததிகள் உருவாகும் நேரம்.

பிரசவ வலி மற்றும் டெலிவரி என்றும் அழைக்கப்படும் பிரசவம் என்பது யோனி வழி அல்லது சிசேரியன் மூலம் ஒரு பெண்ணின் கருப்பையை விட்டு ஒன்று அல்லது அதற்கு மேற்பட்ட குழந்தைகள் வெளியேறுவதன் மூலம் முடிவடைகிறது. 

Labour&Delivery

உங்கள் கர்ப்ப காலத்தில் மற்றும் பிரசவத்திற்குப் பிறகு நீங்கள் எதிர்கொள்ளும் முக்கிய சிக்கல்கள்.

கர்ப்பத்தின் 37 வது வாரத்தின் தொடக்கத்திற்கு முன் பிறந்த குழந்தைகள்

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Sudden rise in blood pressure & swelling, mostly in the face, hands, & feet, along with high levels of protein in the urine that indicate kidney damage (proteinuria), or other signs of organ damage.

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Natural death of an embryo or fetus before it is able to survive independently.

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<p>Are you sleepy during the day as frequent urine calls at night make it impossible for you to have a sound sleep? The first thing that comes to our mind is to shift the blame to late-night soup, coffee, or other liquids. But if the problem is prolonged, then it&rsquo;s time to get some routine lab tests done. </p>

<h2><strong>Diabetes </strong></h2>

<p>Diabetes Mellitus is a condition in which a person&rsquo;s capacity to form or respond to the hormone insulin gets impaired and as a result, there is abnormal metabolism of carbohydrates which increases the blood glucose levels. The cardinal symptoms of the disease are:</p>

<ul>
	<li>excessive urination during the night</li>
	<li>increased thirst, and</li>
	<li>an enhanced sensation of hunger</li>
</ul>

<p>If you&#39;re looking for the early symptoms of the disease and the management strategies, then read the write-up till the end to clear your doubts about diabetes type 2. </p>

<p>The burden of diabetes on public health is highest internationally and the scenario is even worst for developing nations like India where the disease has engulfed masses in recent times and is likely to increase shortly. The condition is so grave that it has a negative influence on the mortality and morbidity linked with the disease. </p>

<p>The most effective strategy to combat Diabetes mellitus is early diagnosis, screening of the complications, giving optimal therapy to the patients, and implementation of primary prevention steps for the individuals who have prediabetes. Early diagnosis helps in the identification of people with prediabetes and implementing lifestyle modifications or therapeutic management will help in the delayed progression of the disease and sometimes it can be prevented altogether. </p>

<h2><strong>10 Most Common Diabetes Symptoms </strong></h2>

<p>If you are experiencing any of the below-mentioned symptoms then consult your doctor and check your blood glucose levels. </p>

<ol>
	<li>Excessive urination at night</li>
	<li>Increased feeling of being thirsty</li>
	<li>Loss of weight without any known cause</li>
	<li>The enhanced sensation of hunger</li>
	<li>Blurred vision</li>
	<li>Numbness or tingling sensation (Pins and needles feeling) in hands or feet or both.</li>
	<li>Weakness or fatigue</li>
	<li>Dryness of skin</li>
	<li>Delayed healing of sores or wounds</li>
	<li>Repeated infections</li>
</ol>

<h2><strong>Gestational Diabetes </strong></h2>

<p>Pregnant women must be careful as <a href="https://mylofamily.com/article/symptoms-diagnosis-treatment-complications-of-gestational-diabetes-mellitus-during-pregnancy-155417">Gestational Diabetes</a> is common and it increases the blood sugar levels during pregnancy. The woman might have never experienced any symptoms of diabetes but can develop the condition during pregnancy. The gynecologist usually performs screening tests during the 24th to 28th week of pregnancy. The symptoms of gestational diabetes are similar to diabetes type 2 like increased thirst, feeling tired, and dry mouth.  </p>

<p><a href="https://mylofamily.com/article/gestational-diabetes-mellitus-in-pregnancy-171519">Know more about Gestational Diabetes Mellitus</a></p>

<h2><strong>Management of Diabetes Mellitus </strong></h2>

<p>Diabetes Mellitus can be prevented with the help of diet and lifestyle modifications. The management can be divided into two steps:</p>

<ul>
	<li>
	<p>Lifestyle modifications</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p>Therapeutic Management </p>
	</li>
</ul>

<h2><strong>Lifestyle Modification for Diabetes </strong></h2>

<p>Diabetes is regarded as a lifestyle disorder and therefore by adopting a healthy way of life blood glucose levels can be maintained within healthy limits. </p>

<h3><strong>1. Mindful eating</strong></h3>

<p>The food we eat breaks down to form sugar and therefore individuals having diabetes should be more conscious about their eating habits. You should eat plenty of vegetables, fruits, and whole grains. Check your carbohydrates as they are directly converted into sugar and restrict the foods high in fat and sugar content. </p>

<h3><strong>2. Physical activity</strong></h3>

<p>it&rsquo;s time to start your favorite physical activity like walking, cycling, swimming, or playing any sport. The aim is to have at least 30 minutes of moderate activity that makes you sweat and increases your breath rate on most days. The enhanced activity will keep the complications like heart disease at bay and also help you to reduce extra kilos and limit stress levels. </p>

<h3><strong>3. Regular check-ups</strong></h3>

<p>You must visit your doctor regularly for follow-ups and it is crucial to monitor cholesterol, blood pressure, and HbA1c levels at fixed intervals. Diabetes increases the risk of eye diseases and hence, the patients should get a full eye examination once a year. Also, be careful about any foot sore, or infection and keep an eye on nerve damage symptoms like pins and needles sensation. </p>

<h3><strong>4. Stress management</strong></h3>

<p>To control your blood sugar levels, it is important to manage your stress levels through yoga, meditation, pursuing your hobby or physical activity. Popular Pakistani fast bowler Wasim Akram attributes high-stress levels to the manifestation of diabetes as he has no positive family history and also leads a healthy lifestyle. </p>

<h3><strong>5. Quit smoking</strong></h3>

<p>diabetes increases the risk of cardiac disorders manifolds and if you are a regular smoker then the risk is even higher. Plan to quit smoking with the help of your doctor. </p>

<h3><strong>6. Drink alcohol in moderation</strong></h3>

<p>According to American Diabetes Association, women who consume alcohol should not have more than 1 drink in a day and men should not have more than 2 drinks/per day. </p>

<p>Also read: <a href="https://mylofamily.com/article/how-to-manage-your-gestational-diabetes-find-the-five-easy-ways-to-maintain-the-sugar-level-in-pregn-131242">Ways to manage gestational diabetes</a></p>

<h2><strong>Therapeutic management for Diabetes </strong></h2>

<p>The primary aim of diabetes management is to control blood glucose levels, prevent or delay complications, reduce mortality rates, and maintain the quality of life. The chronic complications of diabetes can be restricted through controlled blood sugar levels and it also limits the incidence of microvascular complications like neuropathy, nephropathy, and retinopathy. The medicines for diabetes depend on the extent of insulin resistance and whether or not complications of the disease have begun. Therefore, the treatment protocol must be followed as advised by the expert doctor. </p>

<h2><strong>Conclusion </strong></h2>

<p>In case you or your close one is recently diagnosed with Diabetes then you should not panic but rather develop a strategy to manage the disease and maintain a healthy lifestyle. The key to success is an early diagnosis which can be achieved by spreading awareness about the disease and its symptoms.</p>

<h3>References</h3>

<ol>
	<li>Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. (2014). National guidelines for diagnosis &amp; management of gestational diabetes mellitus. www.ukhfws.org</li>
	<li>American Diabetes Association Diabetes Care. (2003). Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. www.care.diabetesjournals.org</li>
</ol>


<p>During pregnancy, a woman needs to pay extra attention to the types of food she consumes because every food she consumes will impact the child&#39;s development. Often, pregnant mothers crave a particular kind of food during pregnancy. It can be spicy, salty, sour, or sweet. These cravings differ from individual to individual.</p>

<p>People with a sweet tooth naturally experience a craving for desserts, which makes them inclined toward foods like cakes and pastries. So, for a woman who frequently craves cakes in pregnancy, it is essential to know the effects it can have on the child&#39;s health.</p>

<h2><strong>Can a pregnant woman eat cake? </strong></h2>

<p>There is no harm in eating cakes during pregnancy. However, it is advisable to avoid eating too much cake during pregnancy. A pregnant woman must be more cautious than usual about her health and must follow certain precautions to keep herself and the baby healthy. That said, eating a couple of slices of cake during pregnancy is neither harmful to the baby nor the mother.</p>

<p>Desserts such as cakes are high-calorie foods that offer minimal nutrition. They are prepared with refined sugar, saturated fats, and flour. The presence of high sugar content can trigger gestational diabetes in pregnant women. Therefore, the answer to the question of can pregnant women eat cake is that eating cakes in large portions is unhealthy during pregnancy, just as it is unhealthy in any other phase of life.</p>

<h2><strong>Why is it best to stay away from cakes when pregnant? </strong></h2>

<p>A woman should avoid eating excessive amounts of cakes in pregnancy as they can cause health issues. Healthcare specialists have enumerated the potential risks of eating cakes during pregnancy, which are as follows:</p>

<h3>1. Weight gain</h3>

<p>Pregnancy is a period where a woman gains weight very rapidly. This is due to the growth of the baby and the inflammation that a woman faces in the later days of the pregnancy. Eating cakes and desserts can add to this rapid weight gain. Most health professionals advise against excess amounts of cakes or any sweet during pregnancy as they have very high calories and are low in nutrition.</p>

<p>Furthermore, some cakes contain saccharin as a sweetener. This chemical can not only lead to weight gain but can also harm the foetus.</p>

<h3>2. Risks of getting an infection</h3>

<p>The immune system of women becomes weak during pregnancy, which puts them at a higher risk of getting an infection. The cake batter can sometimes become a breeding ground for bacteria, due to dirty utensils or cooking appliances. Even homemade cakes can carry bacteria such as E.coli or toxoplasma.</p>

<h3>3. Contains unhealthy supplements</h3>

<p>Many bakery cakes and cake mixes contain unhealthy supplements such as taste enhancers, flavourers, and preservatives. All of these ingredients can harm the baby and the mother and are best avoided.</p>

<h2><strong>What kinds of cakes may I consume when I&#39;m pregnant? </strong></h2>

<p>Can a pregnant woman eat cake? Well, the answer is yes. However, one should eat cakes with minimal sugar and refined flour content. The type of cakes that one can eat during pregnancy include:</p>

<ul>
	<li>Angel food cake: This cake contains no fat content like butter, and one can eat it to satisfy their sweet cravings during pregnancy. However, one should not consume this cake if they have gestational diabetes.</li>
	<li>Dark chocolate cake: Dark chocolate contains antioxidants which are beneficial for a pregnant woman. They can eat this cake in small portions. However, you should ensure that the dark chocolate cake has no alcohol content in it.</li>
</ul>

<h2><strong>What should pregnant women remember when they are craving cake? </strong></h2>

<p>Here is a list of things that a pregnant woman should consider while consuming cakes during pregnancy.</p>

<ul>
	<li>Check all the ingredients that are added to the cake and ensure that there are no artificial preservatives present in it.</li>
	<li>Homemade cakes are preferable as compared to store-bought cakes to ensure that they are fresh and free from bacteria.</li>
	<li>Portions are one of the most important things to consider while eating cakes. One should consume cake in small portions only when the craving is at its peak.</li>
	<li>If a woman is facing complications from eating cakes, she should consult her nutritionist.</li>
	<li>When preparing a homemade cake, one should not taste the raw batter to check the flavour, as it can contain bacteria that usually get killed over the course of the cooking process.</li>
	<li>Try not to add icing to the cake to ensure that the caloric intake is managed. Cakes can still be delicious without icing and frosting.</li>
</ul>

<p style="text-align:center"><iframe frameborder="0" height="167" sandbox="allow-scripts allow-same-origin" scrolling="no" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/OYkzRc1T7l8" title="YouTube video player" width="315"></iframe></p>

<h2><strong>Frequently Asked Questions </strong></h2>

<h3>1. Can I eat chocolate cake during pregnancy?</h3>

<p>Yes, one can eat chocolate cakes during pregnancy. However, one should ensure that one consumes it in small portions and that the cake does not contain excessive sugar or added preservatives that can harm the baby or mother.</p>

<h3>2. Is cake a pregnancy craving?</h3>

<p>Yes, it is normal for a pregnant woman to crave cakes during pregnancy. Women can feel excessive cravings if they have a sweet tooth.</p>


<p>Yes! Pregnancy can indeed turn out to be a memorable as well as the most beautiful part of your life. Before you start preparing yourself for a new beginning, it may be vital to make a few changes in your lifestyle and daily routines. You may have to change numerous things for the healthy development of your baby. However, to make such changes, one will need to analyze the condition of their body and undergo a few tests and scans during pregnancy.</p>

<h2><strong>Why Must A Woman Undergo Scans During Pregnancy? </strong></h2>

<p>During pregnancy, every woman&rsquo;s body functions in a different manner. Therefore, to track the constant changes happening in a pregnant woman&rsquo;s body, she may have to undergo a few pregnancy tests. These tests help to ensure the baby&rsquo;s good health. Apart from that, these pregnancy tests also help to detect the presence of any underlying health problems. Therefore, it thus becomes essential for you to undergo tests and scans during pregnancy.</p>

<p>Although most of the tests may be optional, it is a recommendation that you do not skip any of them. As you move forward in the beautiful journey of your pregnancy, your doctor will recommend several scans and tests for the well-being of you and the baby. Towards the end of the second trimester, you must not miss some crucial tests. Let&#39;s learn more about them:</p>

<h3><strong>Anomaly Scan </strong></h3>

<p>An anomaly scan helps have a close look at your cervix, uterus, and baby. It helps to observe the baby&rsquo;s growth and development and detect any congenital disabilities or structural problems. Usually, this test takes place when you are 20 weeks pregnant. It is also known as a Morphology scan, and the sonographer can check the position of the placenta besides looking at the baby&#39;s movements.</p>

<p>The doctor will advise you to drink lots of water and avoid passing urine before the scan. The doctor will allow you to enjoy the view on the screen and will later hand over the video recording on a CD also. Seeing your baby on screen is a treat for the eyes.</p>

<h3><strong>Other Monitoring Tests </strong></h3>

<p>You will undergo blood tests, urine tests, fetal anomaly scan, sugar tests, blood pressure levels, and other ultrasound scans several times during your pregnancy. Don&#39;t get anxious because all these tests are for your safety and the unborn child&#39;s well-being. The doctors monitor and track the growth and development of the baby, and if there is something fishy, they inform the parents and counsel them for treatment or termination of the pregnancy if required.</p>

<h3><strong>Body Check-up Test </strong></h3>

<p>Besides regular check-ups at your gynecologist&#39;s clinic, the doctor will examine and check your belly size, the heartbeat of the baby, protein levels, urine glucose levels, weight, edema (swelling on your hands and feet if any), levels of amniotic fluid, and the bones of the baby, etc.</p>

<p>The doctor will check the structure and shape of your baby&rsquo;s head (HC), neck, cleft lip, baby&rsquo;s spine, baby&rsquo;s abdominal wall (AC), thigh bone, baby&rsquo;s heart, baby&rsquo;s kidneys, feet, legs, arms, and hands. It is imperative to monitor the position of the baby in the womb.</p>

<h2><strong>What Your Doctor May Suggest After You Undergo Pregnancy Tests </strong></h2>

<p>Your doctor will ask you several questions about the medical history of your family, any medications, or supplements that you are taking, fetal movements, sleep patterns, your diet, workout routine during pregnancy, symptoms of preeclampsia, and preterm labor, if any. You must immediately seek medical help if you experience these symptoms during pregnancy:</p>

<h3><strong>Vaginal Bleeding </strong></h3>

<p>If you experience any vaginal bleeding during your late pregnancy months, it may be a life-threatening case. Such a condition is termed Abruptio placentae. Although such a condition may happen at any time, it is usually quite common during the months of your third trimester. Make sure to undergo a 20 week scan immediately if you experience this symptom.</p>

<h3><strong>Abdominal Pain </strong></h3>

<p>Abdominal pain may be due to gas, false labor, or even due to constipation. Although these conditions may cause a bit of discomfort, they should not cause too much pain. However, if you experience severe pain, it may be due to a urinary tract infection or other underlying problem. Consult your doctor as soon as possible if you experience severe pain during your late pregnancy months.</p>

<h3><strong>Fever Or Shivering </strong></h3>

<p>Experiencing fever or shivering during pregnancy may be caused due to the constant changes happening in your body. However, if you have a temperature of more than 100&deg;F, you must immediately seek medical help. Fever during these stages may indicate an issue with your baby&rsquo;s health. In fact, if unusual symptoms accompany your fever, then it is high time you got a check-up done!</p>

<h3><strong>Nausea </strong></h3>

<p>You may feel nauseous or sick two days or one day before your labor pain begins. However, others may experience this condition during active labor. Thus, this is because the digestion flow halts during labor. If a mother has just eaten and is already feeling full during the beginning of labor, she may feel nauseous. However, extreme nausea may also indicate other underlying problems. Make sure to get in touch with your doctor before the situation worsens!</p>

<h3><strong>Blurring Of Vision </strong></h3>

<p>Experiencing a blurry vision can turn out to be quite common during pregnancy. Although this is not a sign of miscarriage, an unexpected or a sudden change in your vision, primarily during pregnancy, can signify a grave issue. A few of the problems include gestational diabetes. Apart from that, the risk of experiencing a condition known as preeclampsia may also be increased. Therefore, consider seeking an appointment if you observe such sudden changes.</p>

<h3><strong>Burning Sensation And Pain During Urination </strong></h3>

<p>This condition may indicate the presence of a urinary tract infection. The constant discomfort and pain may range from mild to severe. Therefore, it is recommended that you visit your doctor and get the condition treated as soon as possible.</p>

<h3><strong>Fluid Discharge From The Vagina </strong></h3>

<p>A fluid discharge is usually normal, and it may seem to get a bit heavier as your pregnancy phase slowly progresses. In fact, a heavy discharge during your third trimester could mean early labor. Therefore, it is usually best to seek medical help before your labor pain worsens.</p>

<h3><strong>Extreme Swelling Or Pain In Any Part Of The Body </strong></h3>

<p>As your delivery date comes nearer, you may experience swelling in your ankles or legs. In fact, a few of your body parts may appear puffy or swollen. Such a condition is termed edema. You may also experience swelling on your face or hands. However, if you experience any sort of pain in the swollen regions, it could indicate a grave health condition. If the swelling or pain does not seem to go away, get it checked immediately.</p>

<h3><strong>Continuous Headache </strong></h3>

<p>Usually, a pregnant woman may experience headaches due to stress or poor posture. Since you will be carrying additional weight on your tummy, your posture may change. However, more prolonged and severe headaches may indicate the presence of preeclampsia, a condition that can raise your blood pressure to extreme levels, especially during pregnancy.</p>

<h2><strong>Conclusion </strong></h2>

<p>Undergoing a list of scans during pregnancy during a stage where your body may be vulnerable to numerous health problems can help you prevent many life-threatening conditions. Early treatment can ensure the healthy delivery of your baby. Besides, it may also help you avoid any issues post-partum.</p>

<p>It is usual for you to be anxious at the time of tests or scans during pregnancy. However, this is undertaken only for the healthy development of your baby. Your doctor may suggest a few supplements or medicines that can help you keep your health in check. It is advised that you go for a check-up once every four to six weeks!</p>

<h3>References</h3>

<ol>
	<li>Jabaz D, Abed M. (2022). Sonography 2nd Trimester Assessment, Protocols, And Interpretation. NCBI</li>
</ol>

<p> </p>


<p>Gestational diabetes mellitus definition says that it is a condition in which the placenta produces a hormone that prevents the usage of insulin effectively. This condition is also referred to as insulin resistance. Due to this, glucose accumulates in the blood rather than being absorbed by the cells. However, Gestational diabetic symptoms disappear post-delivery.</p>

<h2><strong>Gestational Diabetes During Pregnancy </strong></h2>

<p>The first occurrence of gestational diabetes is found at the time of pregnancy. Gestational diabetes is a condition in which blood sugar levels are high during pregnancy. Though Gestational diabetes goes away after the birth of the baby, it usually has an impact on the baby&#39;s health. Approximately 3 to 8 percent of all pregnant women are diagnosed with gestational diabetes.</p>

<h2><strong>Symptoms of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus </strong></h2>

<p>Women with gestational diabetes usually have no symptoms or find out during the pregnancy after a routine check-up. Some symptoms include:</p>

<h3><strong>1. Fatigue</strong></h3>

<p>Experiencing extreme fatigue and feeling constantly tired, even after getting enough sleep and proper food.</p>

<h3><strong>2. Blurred vision</strong></h3>

<p>High blood glucose attracts fluid from tissues, including the eyes&#39; lenses. This affects the vision.</p>

<h3><strong>3. Extreme thirst</strong></h3>

<p>When kidneys cannot function properly, the excess glucose is excreted into the urine along with the fluid in the body and the tissues, resulting in extreme thirst and dehydration.</p>

<h3><strong>4. Nausea</strong></h3>

<p>Due to high blood sugar levels being elevated for a longer period of time. Eating can make people with GD nauseous, even though they are hungry.</p>

<h3><strong>5. Frequent bladder, vaginal, or skin infections</strong></h3>

<p>High levels of blood glucose can lead to poor blood flow and impair the body&#39;s natural healing process. In women with GD, bladder and vaginal yeast infections may occur more often and not heal as fast.</p>

<h3><strong>6. Frequent urination</strong></h3>

<p>The kidneys remove excess sugar in the bloodstream, and the remaining sugar which is unable to be absorbed by the kidneys is urinated out along with fluid from the tissues. The body then starts feeling dehydrated and thirsty, which leads to more water consumption and, in effect, frequent urination.</p>

<h3><strong>7. Sugar in the urine</strong></h3>

<p>During pregnancy, the body requires a lot of energy as the baby grows, but sometimes the production of insulin is not sufficient to keep up with demand. Due to a lack of insulin, levels of sugar are high, and it will show up in the urine. &zwnj;</p>

<h2><strong>What are the Causes of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus? </strong></h2>

<p>Gestational diabetes during pregnancy occurs when enough insulin is not produced by the pancreas of the pregnant woman, and even if it is produced, the body is not able to utilize it properly. Without enough insulin, glucose builds up in the blood it&#39;s called hyperglycemia. There is an increased demand for insulin at the beginning of pregnancy, causing gestational pregnancy.</p>

<h2><strong>Gestational Diabetes Risk Factors </strong></h2>

<p>Risk factors include:</p>

<ul>
	<li>
	<p>Overweight or obese</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p>Physically inactive</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p>Polycystic ovary syndrome</p>
	</li>
</ul>

<ul>
	<li>
	<p>History of diabetes</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p>Having prediabetes</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p>Gestational diabetes during a previous pregnancy</p>
	</li>
</ul>

<h2><strong>How is Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Diagnosed? </strong></h2>

<p>The healthcare provider will perform a blood test. The test includes:</p>

<ul>
	<li>
	<p>Glucose screening test: The healthcare provider will ask you to take a sweet drink. After an hour, a blood sample is taken to check blood sugar levels. If there is an increase in blood sugar, there will be another test, known as the glucose tolerance test.</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p>Glucose tolerance test: This test measures glucose levels in the body after a fast of nine hours. Then the second blood sample is drawn after taking the sweet drink and checked for glucose every hour for three hours. If the glucose readings are higher than expected, the diagnosis confirms diabetes.</p>
	</li>
</ul>

<h2><strong>Complications of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus </strong></h2>

<p>Gestational diabetes that is not managed carefully can result in high blood sugar levels. High blood sugar can cause problems for the mother and the baby, with a high chance of needing surgery to deliver (C-section).</p>

<h3><strong>May affect your baby: </strong></h3>

<ul>
	<li>
	<p>Being very large (9 pounds or more), making delivery quite difficult</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p>Being born early can cause respiratory distress syndrome</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p>Having low blood sugar</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p>Develop type 2 diabetes later in life</p>
	</li>
</ul>

<h3><strong>May affect you: </strong></h3>

<ul>
	<li>
	<p>Many women with gestational diabetes continue to develop type 2 diabetes in the future</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p>Have risk of high blood pressure, as well as preeclampsia</p>
	</li>
	<li>
	<p>Most likely to have a C-section delivery</p>
	</li>
</ul>

<p>You may like: <a href="https://mylofamily.com/article/symptoms-diagnosis-treatment-complications-of-gestational-diabetes-mellitus-during-pregnancy-155417">Symptoms Diagnosis Treatment Complications of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus During Pregnancy</a></p>

<h2><strong>What is the Treatment for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus? </strong></h2>

<p>Gestational diabetes treatment options include:</p>

<h3><strong>1. Lifestyle changes</strong></h3>

<p>Follow a healthy eating plan planned by your doctor or dietitian. Also, exercise regularly to maintain a healthy weight.</p>

<h3><strong>2. Blood Sugar Monitoring</strong></h3>

<p>Screening of blood sugar is important to ensure blood sugar levels stay in a healthy range.</p>

<h3><strong>3. Medication</strong></h3>

<p>If diet and exercise are not helping to manage blood sugar levels, there is a need for insulin injections to lower your blood sugar. There are also some prescribed medications that can help.</p>

<h2><strong>Summary </strong></h2>

<p>Gestational diabetes is a consequential condition seen in pregnant women with higher blood sugar. It is mostly diagnosed during the second trimester, around 24 to 28 weeks of pregnancy. Both mother and baby will have health-related complications if not treated for diabetes in time. With proper diet and exercise, GDM in pregnancy can be managed well. If diet and exercise cannot control the conditions, then medication is needed. Women with GD also have a higher possibility of having type 2 diabetes in the future.</p>

<p>It is advised to talk to a doctor about how to manage and keep a check on blood sugar to reduce the risk of diabetes.</p>

<p>You may also like to watch: </p>

<p style="text-align:center"><iframe frameborder="0" height="167" scrolling="no" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/1gQ2r1XGjJ4" title="YouTube video player" width="315"></iframe></p>

<h3>References</h3>

<ol>
	<li>Catherine Godin et al.; (2012). CBHSSJB Protocol for the Management of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) and Pre-existing diabetes during pregnancy. www.creehealth.org</li>
	<li>D. Alexander; Managing Gestational Diabetes. www.nichd.nih.gov</li>
</ol>


<p>During pregnancy, women can face many health complications, including diabetes, which can endanger the health of the unborn child. To counter this gestational diabetes and type 2 diabetes, a drug called Metformin is prescribed. This article will examine this drug in detail, including its benefits, side effects, and how it is particularly tied to gestational diabetes.</p>

<h2><strong>What is Metformin?</strong></h2>

<p>A prescription drug for treating type 2 diabetes, Metformin is available as a tablet or oral solution. It features two variations, immediate-release and extended-release, with the latter available as branded drugs called Fortamet and Glumetza. Both versions are sold as generic drugs, which costs less than their branded counterparts.</p>

<h3><strong>What is Metformin Used for?</strong></h3>

<p>While Metformin is primarily used to treat type 2 diabetes, it also has multiple uses for other conditions such as prediabetes, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), gestational diabetes, and rapid weight gain brought about by antipsychotic drugs such as olanzapine. However, it must be noted that these auxiliary uses are not FDA approved.<br />
Metformin tablets can be also used in conjunction with other blood-sugar medications such as Jentadueto and Invokamet.</p>

<h3><strong>How does Metformin Work?</strong></h3>

<p>Metformin helps to revive the body&rsquo;s natural response to insulin by reducing the amount of blood sugar produced by the liver. It also helps reduce the absorption of blood sugar by other major organs such as the stomach and intestines.</p>

<h3><strong>How much does Metformin Lower Blood Sugar?</strong></h3>

<p>Studies have shown that Metformin medicine can lower the presence of sugar in haemoglobin proteins by about one percent. This is measured via a diagnostic test called Hemoglobin A1C and offers a three-month average of the body&rsquo;s blood sugar levels. The ideal scenario for diabetic patients is to lower haemoglobin sugar levels by seven percent.</p>

<h3><strong>What are the Risks of taking Metformin?</strong></h3>

<p>The drug can cause a potentially life-threatening condition called lactic acidosis, where lactic acid is in the bloodstream. Symptoms include muscle pain, difficulty breathing and fatigue. One should seek immediate medical attention if one encounters these symptoms. To prevent further risk avoid combining Metformin with drugs like ranolazine and cimetidine. Furthermore, one should also limit their alcohol intake as it is also a catalyst for lactic acidosis.</p>

<p>It can also drop blood sugar levels severely, causing extreme hunger, nausea, fatigue, dizziness and blurred vision. If left untreated, low blood sugar can lead to seizures and loss of consciousness.</p>

<h3><strong>Use of Metformin During Pregnancy</strong></h3>

<ul>
	<li>Gestational Obesity- Random trials of Metformin during pregnancy have shown to slightly reduce gestational weight gain in obese women with normal blood glucose levels.</li>
	<li>Gestational Diabetes- Apart from insulin and proper diet, Metformin has shown a clear effect in controlling hyperglycemic conditions in pregnant women suffering from gestational diabetes.</li>
	<li>Polycystic Ovary Syndrome- Metformin ingestion in pregnant women who have PCOS reduces miscarriage incidents significantly, even dropping down to zero if the drug is administered through all 3 trimesters.</li>
</ul>

<h3><strong>Side Effects of Metformin</strong></h3>

<ul>
	<li>Lactic acidosis- As previously mentioned, it is a serious albeit rare side effect of taking Metformin, likely to happen to patients suffering from kidney or liver disease, congestive heart failure and other associated conditions.</li>
	<li>Vitamin B12 deficiency - B12 deficiency can numbness in the extremities and a drastic drop in red blood cells.</li>
	<li>Hypoglycemia - Unprecedented drop in blood sugar levels. Generally occurs when Metformin is combined with other diabetic control drugs such as insulin.</li>
</ul>

<h3><strong>How to Reduce Side Effects of Metformin?</strong></h3>

<ul>
	<li>Start With A Low Dose- It is always recommended to start with a small dose, allowing the body to acclimatize to the new drug.</li>
	<li>Take It With Food- Although Metformin tablets or oral solutions can be consumed in a fasted state, it is better to consume them after ingesting food.</li>
	<li>Opt For Extended-Release Options - Rather than taking immediate-release tablets, which release the entire drug in the bloodstream at once, it&rsquo;s prudent to opt for the extended-released one if possible. Incidents of diarrhoea and nausea reduce significantly among users who took the latter version.</li>
</ul>

<h3><strong>How to treat low blood sugar?</strong></h3>

<p>Since hypoglycemia is a constant risk among diabetic patients using Metformin, it&rsquo;s vital to know about a few remedies to treat low blood sugar on the spot. For mild cases, ingesting glucose tablets or a glucose gel is a perfect way to stabilize sugar levels. Alternatively, one can also consume juice, soda, non-fat milk, honey, sugar or candy to treat the condition.</p>

<h3><strong>How does Metformin Treat Diabetes?</strong></h3>

<ul>
	<li>Increases insulin sensitivity- Diabetic patients develop insulin resistance due to the abundance of sugar, and Metformin increases insulin sensitivity, helping the hormone to better perform its functions.</li>
	<li>Lowers sugar absorption- Metformin blocks some amount of sugar from entering the intestines, thereby lowering its concentration in the blood.</li>
	<li>Lowers sugar production- Metformin reduces the amount of natural sugar produced by the liver to keep blood sugar levels under control.</li>
</ul>

<h2><strong>In Conclusion</strong></h2>

<p>To sum it up, Metformin is a highly useful drug for treating myriad diseases ranging from diabetes to PCOS, provided the side effects are kept in check.</p>

<h3><strong>References</strong></h3>

<ol>
	<li>Hyer S, Balani J, Shehata H. (2018). Metformin in Pregnancy: Mechanisms and Clinical Applications. NCBI</li>
	<li>Kumar P, Khan K. (2012). Effects of metformin use in pregnant patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. NCBI</li>
	<li>Ye, F. Hui-Xia, Y. (2020). Metformin in Pregnancy with Diabetes&mdash;Opinions from Several Latest Guidelines. MFM</li>
</ol>


<p>Pregnancy in itself is exciting and can become even more joyful with the news of twins. But it also comes with increased risks for complications like premature birth, even if not profound. While there is a rush of many emotions, we understand you want to be as aware as possible about everything. This is why we have compiled a list of common complications that you might face when pregnant with twins or more than one baby. </p>

<p><strong>Premature Delivery  </strong></p>

<p>Premature delivery is the most commonly faced complication associated with twins or triplets. Almost half the twins are born early, which often leads to some health-related problems in babies.  </p>

<p>Lack of healthy red blood cells from too little iron can lead to premature birth. It is called iron deficiency anaemia, making it essential for you to add iron to your diet as recommended by your doctor. </p>

<p><strong>Diabetes </strong></p>

<p>There is a higher probability of having diabetes when expecting twins or triplets, also called Gestational diabetes. It is essential to disclose your medical history and family history for the doctor to check for signs of gestational diabetes. If needed, your doctor might prescribe a glucose tolerance test to check for signs of gestational diabetes by assessing everything. </p>

<p><strong>Underweight </strong></p>

<p>More than half of twins are born underweight, weighing less than 5 1/2 pounds. These babies are also more prone to health problems when compared to babies born alone. Conditions such as vision and hearing loss and mental disabilities are commonly seen in these babies. </p>

<p><strong>Preeclampsia </strong></p>

<p>High blood pressure, swelling, headache, and vision-related challenges are regular in multiple-pregnancy and are called preeclampsia. However, if not treated on time and properly, preeclampsia can end up depriving your baby of oxygen and nutrients while also posing a serious risk to your organs. </p>

<p><strong>Sensations of pain and tingling </strong></p>

<p>Sensations of pain and tingling in the leg and lower-back are common during multiple pregnancies but are not considered dangerous. Taking certain precautions like wearing shoes that fit you properly and are comfortable can make the real difference.  </p>

<p><strong>Miscarriage </strong></p>

<p>No matter how heart-breaking it sounds but miscarriage also has higher chances when pregnant with twins and is also called vanishing twin syndrome. This syndrome is due to chromosomal problems that happen during fertilization. </p>

<p><strong>Healthy Lifestyle - the solution to everything </strong></p>

<p>Eating nutritious food, taking enough rest and regularly visiting the doctor are important steps for any pregnant woman to take towards a healthy pregnancy.  </p>

<p>These steps are especially important during multiple pregnancies. Expecting twins means additional dietary needs as you now have to eat for three humans. If your diet is not proper or nutritious, it can lead to problems that can be dangerous for the babies and you. And we know that as a mother, you don&#39;t want to leave anything to chance. </p>


<p>Pregnancy is a crucial period for both the mother and the developing fetus. As such, it is essential to maintain a healthy and balanced diet to ensure proper growth and development. One food item that often comes up for discussion during pregnancy is raisins. Raisins are nutrient-dense and are packed with vitamins and minerals that are beneficial for both the mother and the baby. However, like any other food, there are also risks and side effects associated with the consumption of raisins as they are rich in soluble fibre which may give laxative effect and can create digestive issues during pregnancy.</p>

<p>In this article, we will explore the potential benefits, risks, and side effects of consuming raisins during pregnancy, enabling you to make an informed decision about incorporating them into your diet.</p>

<h2><strong>Is it okay to eat raisins during pregnancy? </strong></h2>

<p>So, are raisins safe to eat during pregnancy? Yes, they are! Raisins are a healthy, natural food that offers many benefits for pregnant women. Be sure to include them in your <a href="https://mylofamily.com/article/what-is-the-best-diet-plan-that-you-must-consume-d-27046?">pregnancy diet</a> for optimum nutrition and to enjoy all their benefits. It is generally safe to consume raisins during pregnancy, but it is important to eat them in moderation. Eating too many raisins can lead to constipation or other gastrointestinal issues.</p>

<h2><strong>Raisins&#39; nutritional content </strong></h2>

<p>Raisins are one of the most popular dried fruits around and they offer a range of health benefits, making them a great choice for pregnant women. A 100-gram serving of raisins contains 299-302 calories with 1% fat, 95% carbohydrates, and 4% protein. Raisins are high in sugar and dietary fiber, with 71.4-76.9 g of sugar and 5.8 g of dietary fiber per 100 g. They also contain vitamins and minerals such as calcium, iron, and potassium.</p>

<p>Raisins are a good source of iron, which is essential for the formation of hemoglobin in the blood. They are also rich in fiber, which can help prevent constipation. Additionally, raisins contain antioxidants and phenolic compounds, which may help protect against free radical cells and chronic diseases.</p>

<p>You may also like: <a href="https://mylofamily.com/article/what-is-the-best-thing-for-pregnant-women-to-eat-195383">What Is The Best Thing For Pregnant Women To Eat?</a></p>

<h2><strong>Benefits of eating kishmis (raisins) in pregnancy </strong></h2>

<p>Raisins are often thought of as a healthy snack, but did you know that they offer many benefits for pregnant women? Here are some of the top benefits of raisins during pregnancy:</p>

<h3>1. Treats constipation</h3>

<p>Raisins are high in fiber and contain essential vitamins and minerals, such as iron and potassium. Eating black raisins during pregnancy can help to regulate your digestion, <a href="https://mylofamily.com/article/constipation-in-early-pregnancy-187212?">preventing constipation</a> and promoting regularity.</p>

<h3>2. Provides antioxidants</h3>

<p>Raisins are also a great source of antioxidants and phenolic compounds, which can help to protect your body against radical cells, chronic diseases and boost your immunity.</p>

<h3>3. Improves blood cell count</h3>

<p>Raisins are a good source of iron and vitamin C, which help to increase blood cell count and lower the risk of <a href="https://mylofamily.com/article/anemia-during-pregnancy-symptoms-causes-management-25456?">anemia during pregnancy</a>.</p>

<h3>4. Provides energy</h3>

<p>It&#39;s common to experience fatigue during pregnancy. Raisins are a good source of energy, so they can help boost your energy levels and combat <a href="https://mylofamily.com/article/top-7-natural-ways-to-reduce-body-aches-and-fatigue-during-pregnancy-81024">tiredness during pregnancy</a>.</p>

<h2><strong>Risks of eating raisins during pregnancy </strong></h2>

<p>Women should be cautious when consuming dry grapes during pregnancy. Although raisins are generally safe to eat, there are some risks associated with eating them during pregnancy.</p>

<p>Pregnant women diagnosed with <a href="https://mylofamily.com/article/symptoms-diagnosis-treatment-complications-of-gestational-diabetes-mellitus-during-pregnancy-155417">gestational diabetes</a> should avoid raisins as excessive consumption can increase blood sugar levels and the risk of diabetes. Eating too many raisins can lead to weight gain and gestational diabetes. Raisins can also increase the risk of type 2 diabetes in the fetus.</p>

<p>Raisins also contain small amounts of pesticides and other chemicals. While the levels of these chemicals are considered safe for adults, they may be harmful to a <a href="https://mylofamily.com/article/fetal-growth-and-development-during-pregnancy-200178?">developing fetus</a>. Pregnant women should limit their intake of raisins to no more than 1/2 cup per day.</p>

<h2><strong>How long should pregnant women consume raisins? </strong></h2>

<p>It is generally recommended that pregnant women should not consume more than half a cup or a fistful of raisins and dried black grapes during pregnancy per day as it can lead to digestive issues and increased <a href="https://mylofamily.com/article/gestational-diabetes-mellitus-in-pregnancy-171519?">risk of gestational diabetes</a>. Generally, raisins can be consumed all along the pregnancy as snacks however it is better to consult a doctor if the expecting mother is at risk of developing gestational diabetes.</p>

<h2><strong>Can pregnant women with gestational diabetes eat raisins? </strong></h2>

<p>Raisins are high in sugar content and hence can contribute to high blood sugar during pregnancy which is not an ideal condition. Hence it is always advised that pregnant women with a risk of gestational diabetes should consult with their doctor before consuming raisins in pregnancy.</p>

<p>You may also like: <a href="https://mylofamily.com/article/how-to-lower-blood-sugar-levels-during-pregnancy-25427">How to Lower Blood Sugar Levels During Pregnancy?</a></p>

<h2><strong>Are raisins &amp; dry grapes safe to eat when pregnant? </strong></h2>

<p>Yes, consuming raisins and dry grapes during pregnancy is generally considered safe. They are a good source of calcium, antioxidants, and fiber. However, pregnant women at risk of developing gestational diabetes should limit eating raisins or kismis in pregnancy.</p>

<h2><strong>Who should stay away from raisins? </strong></h2>

<p>Eating black raisins during pregnancy can pose a few risks to the mother and child. For instance, raisins may contain harmful bacteria that can cause food poisoning. Additionally, pregnant women should not consume large quantities of raisins as they are high in sugar and may lead to gestational diabetes. Furthermore, eating too many black raisins during pregnancy can lead to digestive issues such as <a href="https://mylofamily.com/article/are-you-aware-of-the-symptoms-and-causes-of-pregna-25186?">diarrhea and bloating</a>. It is advised women should consult with their doctor before consuming raisins during pregnancy.</p>

<h3>References</h3>

<p>1. Olmo-Cunillera A, Escobar-Avello D, P&eacute;rez AJ, Marhuenda-Mu&ntilde;oz M, Lamuela-Ravent&oacute;s RM, Vallverd&uacute;-Queralt A. (2019). Is Eating Raisins Healthy? NCBI</p>

<p>2. Esfahani A, Lam J, Kendall CW. (2014). Acute effects of raisin consumption on glucose and insulin reponses in healthy individuals. J Nutr Sci</p>


<p>Pregnancy is a period of change as you experience more physical and emotional symptoms than ever before. It can be difficult to navigate what&rsquo;s safe and what&rsquo;s not. If you&rsquo;re pregnant, have a baby bump or are trying to conceive, it may be confusing to determine which foods you can safely eat.</p>

<p>There&rsquo;s an ever-growing list of foods and drinks that pregnant women are supposed to avoid. It can be discouraging or overwhelming at times to find foods and drinks that are safe.</p>

<p>One food you don&rsquo;t have to worry about&mdash;in fact, we encourage you to eat&mdash;is apples! Consuming apple during pregnancy has numerous health benefits for both you and your baby.</p>

<p>Here are eight benefits of consuming apple during pregnancy:</p>

<h2><strong>Apples strengthen the immune system </strong></h2>

<p>Apples have many health benefits, and the adage &quot;an apple a day keeps the doctor away&quot; is more than just a saying. Apples are a great source of vitamin C, which can help prevent illness and improve immunity. The immune system takes a blow while you&#39;re carrying a child, so this is especially helpful for pregnant women.</p>

<h2><strong>Apples can treat or stop anaemia </strong></h2>

<p>Low birth weights and early labor have been linked to anaemia during pregnancy. Apples are a good source of iron, so consuming apple during pregnancy may help lower the risk of developing anaemia.</p>

<p>Apples are a great source of iron, a mineral necessary for keeping your blood healthy and preventing anaemia in pregnancy. In order to prevent anaemia, which is rather prevalent during pregnancy, eating apples regularly is recommended (along with other iron-rich foods).</p>

<h2><strong>Apples give you more energy </strong></h2>

<p>Who doesn&#39;t need a natural energy boost during pregnancy? Apples provide just that. Having a child is a very demanding process. For those who need a boost but can&#39;t have caffeine, foods like apples can be a great alternative. Apples&#39; blend of simple sugars raises your blood sugar, which in turn increases your energy.</p>

<h2><strong>Apples are a digestive aid </strong></h2>

<p>Apples are a good source of dietary fibre, and consuming apple during pregnancy aids in digestion and regularity. Hormonal shifts and the added pressure of the developing baby are two common causes of constipation in pregnant women. Eating more high-fiber foods like apple in pregnancy will help regulate bowel motions and reduce gas.</p>

<h2><strong>Apples are good for your heart </strong></h2>

<p>An article in Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition looked at 16 studies that looked at the effects of eating apples on the heart. The authors concluded that eating one medium apple a day may help lower blood pressure, cholesterol, and inflammation. Apples that haven&#39;t been peeled are a good source of fibre and chemicals called polyphenols that are good for your heart.</p>

<p>As a bonus, consuming apple during pregnancy is good for pregnant women who suffer from heartburn (especially towards the end of pregnancy). Apples&#39; soluble fibre is another way to control blood cholesterol and delay plaque accumulation.</p>

<h2><strong>Apples can reduce the risk of gestational diabetes </strong></h2>

<p>Because of the fibre and flavonoids found in apples, eating them regularly throughout pregnancy helps reduce the risk of developing gestational diabetes.</p>

<p>Also, the fibre in apples slows down how quickly sugar in your bloodstream affects your body. Most apples probably won&#39;t cause your blood sugar to rise quickly unless you eat a lot of them at once.</p>

<h2><strong>Apples help with respiratory and asthma problems </strong></h2>

<p>Apples are a great source of antioxidants for the same reason. You can keep yourself and your unborn child healthier by taking antioxidants, which can help your lungs strengthen so you don&#39;t get sick with respiratory disease. They can also help your baby&#39;s lungs develop more strongly, reducing their risk of developing asthma later in life.</p>

<h2><strong>Apples reduce the possibility of birth abnormalities </strong></h2>

<p>You&#39;ve probably heard that getting enough folic acid (or folate) before, during, and after pregnancy can help prevent some birth abnormalities. Consuming apple during pregnancy are a good natural source of folate because of their high dietary content.</p>

<h3><strong>Conclusion </strong></h3>

<p>Consuming apple during pregnancy has a lot of benefits. Apples can be found in a variety of different varieties, making it easy to season your meal just the way you like it. Whether you prefer the sweet, tart taste of a Granny Smith or the more tropical-flavored citrus taste of a Red Delicious, one thing remains constant: apples offer health benefits for both you and your baby. By sharing this information with your friends and family, you can share some valuable information that they may not know. The more people know about the benefits of apples, the more babies in future could benefit! 2</p>


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